Immunosensor Enhanced with Silver Nanocrystals for On-Chip Prostate-Specific Antigen Detection.

Timothy A Okhai, Kefilwe V Mokwebo, Marlon Oranzie, Usisipho Feleni, Lukas W Snyman

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Biosensors, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Timothy A OkhaiClinical Engineering Group, Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0183, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0001-8369-9846

Kefilwe V MokweboSensorLab, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0001-8131-4113

Marlon OranzieSensorLab, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0003-4968-5218

Usisipho FeleniInstitute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability (iNanoWS), College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Florida Campus, Johannesburg 1710, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0002-1423-3484

Lukas W SnymanDepartment of Electrical Engineering, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Florida Campus, Johannesburg 1710, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0003-1351-5065

Funding

National Research Foundation 110877National Research Foundation KIC 69798),

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

An electrochemical immunosensor for the quantification of prostate-specific antigens (PSAs) using silver nanocrystals (AgNCs) is reported. The silver nanocrystals were synthesized using a conventional citrate reduction protocol. The silver nanocrystals were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and field effect scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Vis spectroscopy, and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The proposed immunosensor was fabricated on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE), sequentially, by drop-coating AgNCs, the electro-deposition of EDC-NHS, the immobilization of anti-PSA antibody (Ab), and dropping of bovine serum albumin (BSA) to prevent non-specific binding sites. Each stage of the fabrication process was characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV). Using square wave voltammetry (SWV), the proposed immunosensor displayed high sensitivity in detecting PSA over a concentration range of 1 to 10 ng/mL with a detection limit of 1.14 ng/mL and R

Indexed as

Biosensing TechniquesMetal NanoparticlesProstate-Specific AntigenSilverElectrochemical TechniquesHumansImmunoassayLimit of DetectionMaleProstate-Specific AntigenSilverbiosensorscancerimmunosensorsnanomaterialson-chipprostate-specific antigensilver nanocrystals

Identifiers

PMID40710078

DOI10.3390/bios15070428

PMCPMC12293680

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.