Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40709268›Full record

ArticleResearch square2025

Barriers, Facilitators and Preferences for HIV Testing Services among Adolescent Girls (15-19) and Young Women (20-24) in Rakai District, Central Uganda.

Christine Muhumuza, Caitlin E Kennedy, Mayanja M Kajumba, Joseph Kagaayi, Joan Nakayaga Kalyango, Joaniter I Nankabirwa, Bridget Nagawa Tamale, Lynn Atuyambe Muhimbura

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In one paragraph

Article in Research square, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Christine MuhumuzaMakerere University School of Public Health.
Caitlin E KennedyJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.
Mayanja M KajumbaMakerere University School of Psychology.
Joseph KagaayiMakerere University School of Public Health.
Joan Nakayaga KalyangoMakerere University Kampala.
Joaniter I NankabirwaMakerere University School of Public Health.
Bridget Nagawa TamaleMakerere University School of Public Health.
Lynn Atuyambe MuhimburaMakerere University School of Public Health.

Funding

Multidisciplinary Research Training to Understand and Reduce HIV Incidence in UgandaD43TW010557 · FIC · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI CHANG, LARRY WILLIAM · 2018 to 2022
$1.6M
FIC NIH HHS D43 TW010557
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: HIV remains a significant global public health challenge, disproportionately affecting adolescent girls and young women (AGYW). Uganda has adopted different strategies of HIV Testing Services (HTS) to improve access and utilization, but the uptake of these services by AGYW is still low. This study explored barriers, facilitators, and preferences for HTS among AGYW in Rakai district, Central, Uganda. Methods: This qualitative study employed in-depth interviews with 24 purposively selected AGYW aged 15-24 years who had used HTS at least once in the past year. Participants were drawn from diverse backgrounds based on age, residence (fishing or mainland communities), schooling, employment, and marital status. Data were analyzed thematically using both inductive and deductive approaches in Atlas.ti software. Results: Key barriers to HTS uptake varied by age and residency. Adolescent girls aged 15-19 years, especially those in school, expressed strong fear of blood-based testing and discomfort with invasive procedures, while young women aged 20-24 years emphasized long waiting times, provider attitudes, and confidentiality concerns, particularly in public facilities. AGYW from fishing communities reported heightened stigma and privacy challenges in public facilities, making them more reliant on discreet mobile and outreach services. In contrast, mainland residents favored private facilities for their efficiency. Facilitators across all groups included mobile HTS and community outreaches, which improved accessibility and reduced logistical barriers to utilization. Younger adolescents preferred saliva-based, less invasive tests, while older participants favored facility-based testing for the professional support it offered. Preferences also varied across provider characteristics: married and older AGYW favored experienced adult providers, while younger participants, particularly in mainland areas, expressed comfort with male providers seen as more empathetic. Conclusion: HTS strategies should offer a diverse range of service delivery options that reflect the varied preferences and needs of AGYW by age and residency. Expanding mobile testing, offering less invasive options, ensuring confidentiality, and improving provider interactions are critical for increasing HTS uptake in high-risk settings like Rakai.

Indexed as

Adolescent Girls and Young WomenHIV Testing ServicesQualitative StudyRakaiUganda

Identifiers

PMID40709268
PMCPMC12288541

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.