Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40708815›Full record

ArticleIn vitro models2025

In vitro model assesses the susceptibility of polymeric scaffolds for material-driven heart valve regeneration to calcification.

Dewy C van der Valk, Charlotte M Hoes, Yunia M H Rasenberg, Paul A A Bartels, Livia Angeloni, Bente J de Kort, Paul J F M Janssen, Frank P T Baaijens, Anthal I P M Smits, Carlijn V C Bouten

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in In vitro models, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Dewy C van der ValkDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper Building 15 (Gemini-Zuid), De Rondom 70 5612AP, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-6217-6413
Charlotte M HoesDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper Building 15 (Gemini-Zuid), De Rondom 70 5612AP, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
Yunia M H RasenbergDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper Building 15 (Gemini-Zuid), De Rondom 70 5612AP, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
Paul A A BartelsInstitute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, Ceres 1.31, Building number 7, De Zaale, Eindhoven, 5612 AJ The Netherlands.ORCID 0009-0005-1237-4506
Livia AngeloniDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper Building 15 (Gemini-Zuid), De Rondom 70 5612AP, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-0490-9225
Bente J de KortDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper Building 15 (Gemini-Zuid), De Rondom 70 5612AP, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-6525-6005
Paul J F M JanssenDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Traverse, PO Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB The Netherlands.
Frank P T BaaijensDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper Building 15 (Gemini-Zuid), De Rondom 70 5612AP, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-0975-5376
Anthal I P M SmitsDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper Building 15 (Gemini-Zuid), De Rondom 70 5612AP, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-3665-7106
Carlijn V C BoutenDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper Building 15 (Gemini-Zuid), De Rondom 70 5612AP, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-1035-5094

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: Material driven in situ heart valve tissue engineering (HVTE) prospects an alternative to non-living replacements. HVTE exploits bioresorbable (synthetic) scaffolds that guide neo-tissue formation. Proper scaffold design assesses and mitigates potential material-related risks, such as calcific nodule formation. Herein, we establish an in vitro model to investigate the calcification risk of materials for HVTE. Methods: Calcification was studied by culturing 3D scaffolds with porcine valvular interstitial cells in a phosphate-enhanced calcification medium (CM) for 3 weeks. The model was applied by testing three electrospun polymeric Tissue engineering (TE) scaffolds (PCL, PCL-BU, and PC-BU) against a bovine pericardial patch control. Additionally, the model included a 10% cyclic strain environment to evaluate hemodynamic effects. Results: TE constructs showed significantly less calcification compared to the pericardial tissue control, mirroring in vivo animal model findings. No differences in calcification were observed among the TE constructs, and cyclic strain did not affect calcification. Conclusion: The 3D in vitro model established in this study effectively mimics calcification in TE material constructs, aiding in systematic testing and comparison of cardiovascular TE materials. It can help understand calcification principles and evaluate potential risk factors (e.g., strain). As such, the model will support the design of biomaterials for in situ HVTE in particular and implantable polymer grafts in general. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s44164-025-00090-x.

Indexed as

3D in vitro modelsCell-material interactionsExtracellular matrixMineralizationScaffoldsTissue regeneration

Identifiers

PMID40708815
PMCPMC12283539

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.