Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40707838›Full record

ArticleArchives of sexual behavior2025

The Prevalence and Associated Factors of HIV Self-Testing Among High-Risk Men Who Have Sex with Men in China: A Study Based on Bayesian Network Model.

Zhihui Zhu, Jun Du, Hongbo Zhang, Tao Liu, Shufang Sun, Cui Yang, Nickolas Zaller, Haipeng Zha, Xiuping Zhao, Xuejiao Hu and 5 more

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In one paragraph

Article in Archives of sexual behavior, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

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3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Zhihui Zhu *Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
Jun Du *Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
Hongbo ZhangDepartment of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
Tao LiuSchool of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
Shufang SunSchool of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
Cui YangSchool of Public Health, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA.
Nickolas ZallerFay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Science, Little Rock, AR, USA.
Haipeng ZhaChengdu Tongle Health Consulting Service Center, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.
Xiuping ZhaoSuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
Xuejiao HuWuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
Pan GaoYouth Public Health Service Center, Hefei, China.
Jun WangDepartment of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
Yehuan SunDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
Zhihua ZhangDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China. zhangzh@ahmu.edu.cn.
Don OperarioRollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd. NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA. don.operario@emory.edu.

Funding

Mobile Health Intervention to Increase HIV Self Testing and Linkage to Services for High-Risk Men in ChinaR01MH123352 · NIMH · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI OPERARIO, DON, YANG, CUI · 2020 to 2024
$2.8M
Developing Internet-Delivered, Mindfulness-based Intervention to Reduce HIV Risk and Promote Mental and Sexual Health among Young Adult MSMK23AT011173 · NCCIH · BROWN UNIVERSITY · PI SUN, SHUFANG · 2020 to 2024
$1.0M
NIH-NCCIH K23AT011173NIH-NIMH grant R01MH123352
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Promoting HIV self-testing (HIVST) among men who have sex with men (MSM) is an effective strategy for preventing and controlling HIV infection. We aimed to explore the prevalence, associated factors, and probabilistic dependencies of HIVST uptake among HIV-negative MSM who engaged in condomless sex during the past 6 months in China using logistic regression and Bayesian networks. We performed analysis of baseline data from a large longitudinal randomized controlled trial. In total, 1800 MSM were included and 37.5% (n = 675) reported HIVST in the past 6 months. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that HIVST uptake was positively associated with the following factors: higher monthly income, migrant from other cities, sexual partners engaged in HIVST, sex under the influence of substances, and higher frequency of browsing/using WeChat to explore HIV prevention or treatment information and services. HIVST uptake showed negative associations with older age, inconsistent condom use with casual sex partners, seeking sexual partners through gay venues, and having sex under the influence of alcohol. The Bayesian network model revealed direct associations between HIVST uptake and four factors: age, condom use with casual sexual partners, sex partner's HIVST status, and frequency of browsing/using WeChat to explore HIV prevention or treatment information and services. HIVST uptake peaked at 85.7% under the optimal configuration of: age 18-24 years, consistent condom use with casual partners, unknown partner HIVST status, and at least once a month browse/use WeChat to explore HIV prevention or treatment information and services. Future HIVST promotion strategies should prioritize youth-focused digital education via WeChat, normalized condom use reinforcement, and partner-initiated HIVST encouragement to operationalize the synergistic determinants identified by the Bayesian network, maximizing uptake potential under optimized variable configurations.

Indexed as

HIV InfectionsHomosexuality, MaleSelf-TestingAdolescentAdultBayes TheoremChinaCondomsHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceRisk FactorsSexual PartnersYoung AdultAssociated factorsBayesian networksChinaHIV self-testingMen who have sex with menSexual orientation

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.