ArticlePediatric research2026
Comparing urine and stool gluten immunogenic peptides for detecting compliance to gluten-free diets.
Article in Pediatric research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Refractory Celiac Disease: Nutritional Failure, Immune Dysregulation, and Lymphomagenesis.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Recent Trend of Laboratory Tests in Common Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDetection of gluten immunogenic peptides (GIP) is a potential objective biomarker of adherence to gluten-free diet (GFD). As current methods require specialized laboratories, we evaluated novel point-of-care (POC) kits for GIP detection in stool and urine.
methodsTen children with Crohn's disease followed a 3-week GFD, after 8 weeks of exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN). 78 stool and urine samples were collected; one before EEN completion, six during the GFD, and one after return to unrestricted diet. Single samples were collected from 17 healthy adults after a 7-day EEN. Stool GIP was measured with reference ELISA (S-REF) and POC (S-POC) kits; urine GIP with POC kits (U-POC).
resultsNon-adherence to GFD was detected in 8/10 patients using S-REF, compared to 2/10 patients using conventional dietary assessment. Substantial inter-class agreement was noted between S-REF and S-POC (88% concordance, kappa = 0.74). Lower GIP levels, measured with S-REF, were seen in discordant compared to positive concordant samples. The optimal S-POC detection threshold was 0.11 mg/kg (sensitivity: 100%, specificity: 91%, p < 0.001). Agreement between S-REF and U-POC was lower (concordance: 73%, kappa = 0.39).
conclusionsThe S-POC kit is a suitable alternative for GIP detection, demonstrating high sensitivity and specificity except at very low GIP levels. Detection of GIP in urine is less accurate. IMPACT: Detection of gluten immunogenic peptides (GIP) offers a promising objective biomarker for monitoring adherence to gluten-free diets. However, current methods require specialized labs and long processing times. By measuring GIP in stool, we identified children with Crohn's disease who were non-adherent despite standard assessments indicating otherwise. A point-of-care GIP kit demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity in detecting GIP in stool making it a potential alternative to the reference ELISA method. In contrast, GIP detection using urine kits was suboptimal. Our study supports the potential clinical utility of bedside point-of-care GIP kits that may improve treatment adherence and efficacy of gluten-free-diets.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.