ArticleNPJ vaccines2025
Divergent B-cell repertoire remodelling by mRNA, DNA and live attenuated vaccines in fish.
Article in NPJ vaccines, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Transcriptomic and Proteomic Insights into Mucosal Immune Responses of Asian Seabass (International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- IMGTAntibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- N1MΨU-modified mRNA vaccines break the mold in fish by enhancing innate immune activation.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Article
- Contrasted modifications of IgM and IgT repertoires induced by high- and low-virulent infectious pancreatic necrosis virus strains in rainbow trout (Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Vaccination is critical for the future of aquaculture, and nucleic acid vaccines have a major potential for fighting emerging fish infectious diseases, yet their mechanisms remain poorly understood. We compared B-cell responses induced by an mRNA, a DNA, and an attenuated vaccine, all encoding the same antigen against a fish rhabdovirus. Rainbow trout IgHμ repertoires were examined to investigate how vaccines reshape clonal composition and complexity of the B-cell repertoire. The attenuated virus drove protection through a small number of highly shared public clonotypes encoding neutralizing antibodies. The mRNA vaccine profoundly remodelled the repertoire in some individuals and induces low, but still protective, neutralising Ab titers without public expansions. The DNA vaccine induced high neutralizing Ab titers, providing full protection with minimal impact on B-cell repertoire. Clustering analysis revealed partial sharing of private responses between fish. These findings highlight profound divergences between fish B-cell responses to nucleic acid and attenuated vaccines whilst all of three vaccines induce protective responses.
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Registered trials
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