ArticleActa biomaterialia2025
Equine influenza antigen-based particle vaccine protects mice against homologous and heterosubtypic viral challenges.
Article in Acta biomaterialia, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
Influenza virus is a common source of respiratory illness and poses a major public health burden globally. Significant efforts have been dedicated towards developing and deploying effective vaccines. However, since being licensed in 1945, influenza vaccines have made limited progress and still suffer from several limitations, including suboptimal efficacy against variants. In this work, we report on two influenza A polyanhydride particle- and pentablock copolymer-based vaccine formulations intended for intranasal or subcutaneous administration. These nanovaccines are based on a newly discovered equine influenza A H3N8 hemagglutinin antigen (A/equine/1/KY/91), A/HK/1/68 nucleoprotein antigen, and a small molecule adjuvant. When these nanovaccines were administered to naïve mice, both formulations induced robust humoral and cellular immune responses that were protective against lethal challenges with influenza A/HK/1/68 (H3N2) or A/PR/8/34 (H1N1). This protection was characterized by reduced viral load, reduced airway disruption, and preservation of weight post-infection. Further studies with immunization and challenge of CD8
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