ArticleNeurology2025
Longitudinal Changes in Brain Diffusion Characteristics Associated With Cognition and Vascular Risk Factors: The ARIC-NCS Study.
Article in Neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Multimodal Correlates of Longitudinal Functional Decline in Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia (bvFTD).Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Article
- The Association Between Changes in White Matter Microstructure and Cognitive Function in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Autistic vs. Control Differences in MRI Scan Quality Across ABIDE-II Sites.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Superficial white matter (SWM) microstructural alterations in Parkinson's disease: a neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging and diffusion tensor imaging study.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2026Article
- Automated MRI-based brain volumetric analysis in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.BMC medical imaging · 2026Observational
- Article
- The enigma of vascular dementia: current state and emerging perspectives.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Review
- Evolutionary implications ofBrain communications · 2026Article
- Glioma Grading by Integrating Radiomic Features from Peritumoral Edema in Fused MRI Images and Automated Machine Learning.Journal of imaging · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesIt remains unclear whether longitudinal changes in brain microstructural integrity, measured by diffusion MRI, relate to cognition and vascular risks. We investigated whether annualized changes in fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) are associated with changes in cognitive domains among nondemented older adults, and how these patterns differ by vascular risk factors.
methodsData were longitudinally collected from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Neurocognitive Study, conducted across 4 US sites with 6,471 participants attending the baseline assessment. Individuals who underwent diffusion MRI and neurocognitive evaluations at least twice between 2011 and 2019 were included; those with baseline dementia were excluded. Linear mixed-effects models assessed associations between FA and MD values in 140 brain regions and domain-specific cognitive scores (executive function, language, and memory). Annualized changes in FA and MD values were compared between individuals with and without vascular risk factors.
results592 participants (mean age: 75.8 ± 4.6 years; 56% women) were followed for 6 years on average. A 1-SD decrease in FA values in the left cingulum bundle was associated with a 0.166-SD reduction in executive function (95% CI 0.065-0.267; DISCUSSION: Deterioration in microstructural integrity-reflected by lower FA in the left cingulum bundle and higher MD in the left hippocampus-was associated with declines in executive function, language, and memory. Furthermore, longitudinal changes in these FA and MD values had differences based on the presence of type 2 diabetes and smoking. These findings provide a foundational basis for future research to determine whether managing vascular risk factors can delay cognitive decline by affecting the microstructural integrity of the brain.
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