Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40705032›Full record

ArticleMedical molecular morphology2026

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells: a case report and a study of a potential therapeutic approach.

Kaori Yukino, Yoshihiro Komohara, Shukang Zhao, Rin Yamada, Yukio Fujiwara, Akira Murakami, Yu Shimoda, Haruki Saito, Yorihisa Orita

Abstract readCase Reports
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Medical molecular morphology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Kaori YukinoDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kumamoto, Japan.
Yoshihiro KomoharaDepartment of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 8608556, Japan. ycomo@kumamoto-u.ac.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9723-0846
Shukang ZhaoDepartment of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 8608556, Japan.
Rin YamadaDepartment of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 8608556, Japan.
Yukio FujiwaraDepartment of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 8608556, Japan.
Akira MurakamiDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kumamoto, Japan.
Yu ShimodaDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kumamoto, Japan.
Haruki SaitoDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kumamoto, Japan.
Yorihisa OritaDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kumamoto, Japan.

Funding

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science London 2 5 K 0 2 4 7 7
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a highly aggressive neoplasm with no effective treatment options. ATC with osteoclast-like giant cells (OGCs; ATC/OGC) is a rare variant of ATC, and no detailed pathological examination has been reported to date. A 59-year-old woman presented with sudden neck swelling. Computed tomography revealed a 5 cm tumor in the thyroid gland, which was surgically resected. Pathological examination revealed a diagnosis of ATC/OGC. The patient succumbed to progressive lung metastases within four months despite postoperative lenvatinib therapy. Immunohistochemical (IHC) examination indicated absence of PD-L1 expression in the OGCs, which comprised the majority of the tumor, with only sparse T cell infiltration in the area occupied by OGCs. Increased TGF-β expression was observed in the area containing OGCs, and both OGCs and infiltrating myeloid cells, including CD1a/CD11c-positive dendritic cells and CD68/CD163/CD204-positive macrophages, appeared to produce TGF-β. Pathological analysis of this case suggests that OGCs might be involved in immune suppression by secreting TGF-β, potentially serving as a critical cytokine in the immunosuppressive microenvironment of ATC/OGC. TGF-β-targeted therapy might be useful in the treatment of this very rare subtype of ATC.

Indexed as

Giant CellsOsteoclastsThyroid Carcinoma, AnaplasticThyroid NeoplasmsFatal OutcomeFemaleHumansLung NeoplasmsMiddle AgedPhenylurea CompoundsQuinolinesTransforming Growth Factor betalenvatinibPhenylurea CompoundsQuinolinesTransforming Growth Factor betaAnaplastic thyroid carcinomaOsteoclastic giant cellsPD-L1TGF-βThyroid cancer

Identifiers

PMID40705032
PMCPMC12967400

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.