Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40705014›Full record

ReviewEmerging infectious diseases2025

Surveillance of Viral Respiratory Infections within Maximum-Security Prison, Australia.

Nicolas M Legrand, Rowena A Bull, Behzad Hajarizadeh, Andrew R Lloyd, Kirsty Johnston, Katya Issa, Christine Harvey, Alicia Arnott, Dominic E Dwyer, Vitali Sintchenko and 4 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Emerging infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Nicolas M Legrand
Rowena A Bull
Behzad Hajarizadeh
Andrew R Lloyd
Kirsty Johnston
Katya Issa
Christine Harvey
Alicia Arnott
Dominic E Dwyer
Vitali Sintchenko
Luke Grant
Gregory J Dore
John Kaldor
Marianne Martinello

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Limited surveillance data have hindered understanding of SARS-CoV-2 transmission within prisons. We integrated routine surveillance data with viral sequencing to investigate transmission dynamics and associated factors during a Delta variant outbreak in a maximum-security prison in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Infection incidence and associated factors were determined by using person-time and Cox regression. We generated transmission chains by integrating epidemiologic and viral sequencing data. Of 1,562 patients, SARS-CoV-2 infection was diagnosed in 169 (11%), predominantly acquired in prison and asymptomatic. Prisonwide testing identified substantial unrecognized transmission, and 4 subvariants indicated multiple viral introductions. Infection was associated with housing location, having a cellmate (regardless of infection status), and vaccination status. Our findings underscore the inadequacy of symptom-based testing and the efficacy of entry-quarantine, strategic housing, extensive testing, and vaccination in reducing transmission. This integrated approach to surveillance and genomic sequencing offers a valuable model for enhancing infectious disease surveillance in correctional settings.

Indexed as

COVID-19PrisonsRespiratory Tract InfectionsSARS-CoV-2AdolescentAdultAgedAustraliaDisease OutbreaksFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedNew South WalesPrisonersAustraliaCOVID-19incarcerationrespiratory infectionsSARS-CoV-2viral infectionsViruses

Identifiers

PMID40705014
PMCPMC12309748

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.