ArticleThe oncologist2025
Risk factors of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related cardiotoxicity: a scoping review.
Article in The oncologist, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Complex cardiac overlap: immune checkpoint inhibitor myocarditis in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy with subsequent NSTEMI.Cardio-oncology (London, England) · 2026Article
- Immune-Checkpoint-Inhibitor-Related Cardiovascular Toxicities in Cancer: A Mechanistic Review of Molecular Pathways with AI-Assisted Literature Clustering.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Predictors of Immune-Related Cardiac Adverse Events in Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related cardiotoxicity: a cellular pharmacology perspective on susceptibility and resistance.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Case Report: Long-term survival in advanced PD-L1-high squamous cell lung cancer following severe immune-related cardiotoxicity.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- The Impact of Immune-Related Adverse Events on the Survival of Patients Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: The Distinct Role of Cardiac Toxicities.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCardiotoxicity due to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is not a common phenomenon but can lead to fatal outcomes in cancer patients. The clinical manifestations of this cardiotoxicity are also nonspecific and difficult to identify promptly. Hence, the study aimed to define the risk factors of ICI-related cardiotoxicity to enable early identification of high-risk groups and implement timely intervention for patients receiving ICI therapy. MATERIALS AND
methodsA scoping review was conducted using the methodological framework of Arksey and O'Malley. We performed a systematic literature search of ten electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection, Embase, ProQuest, Scopus, CINAHL, CNKI, SinoMed, Wanfang, and VIP, for relevant articles on this topic. The literature and the obtained data were screened and extracted independently by two reviewers. This review is reported in accordance with PRISMA-ScR guidelines.
resultsWe identified 29 published studies and 60 risk factors of ICI-related cardiotoxicity in this scoping review. In addition to 25 common risk factors of immune-related adverse events and 5 traditional cardiovascular disease-associated risk factors, we also found 30 specific risk factors of ICI-related cardiotoxicity, including cardiovascular medical history, renal disease, obstructive sleep apnea, abnormalities in laboratory parameters, and cardiovascular medications.
conclusionsBased on this scoping review, we provided a comprehensive list of 3 areas that included 60 risk factors of ICI-related cardiotoxicity and discussed the potential underlying mechanisms. This review could enable clinicians to identify high-risk patients for the timely prevention and treatment of ICI-related cardiotoxicity and further improve their outcomes.
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