ArticleHealth science reports2025
The Global Challenge of Antimicrobial Resistance: Mechanisms, Case Studies, and Mitigation Approaches.
Article in Health science reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Systematic Review of Intravenous Ceftriaxone Administration in Animals.Veterinary medicine and science · 2026Pooled it
- Microbial-driven nature-based solutions for environmental antimicrobial resistance and emerging contaminants: mechanisms, platform trade-offs, and decision framework.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Pooled it
- Pheophorbide A from Acrotrema agastyamalayanum: A potent antibiofilm agent targeting Proteus mirabilis.The Journal of antibiotics · 2026Article
- 3-Hydroxyflavone Inhibits Biofilm Formation and Enhances Antibiotic Activity AgainstAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Climate change impact on disease emergence and antimicrobial resistance: A perspective on transmission and detection.iScience · 2026Review
- A New Sustainable Approach to Antibiotic Resistance: Development of bis-Quaternary Ammonium Salts From 2,4,6-Trichloro-1,3,5-Triazine.ChemMedChem · 2026Article
- Antibiotic Resistance and the Return to a Pre-Antibiotic Era: A Critical Narrative Review of a Global Catastrophe.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- From emerging viral pathogens to pan-resistant bacteria: toward a post-antibiotic era in immunocompromised patients.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- Flies and Ants from Domestic Kitchens as Sources of Clinically Important Bacteria and Antimicrobial Resistance.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Recent Advances in Zinc(II)-Complexes for Antibacterial Photodynamic Therapy.Chemistry, an Asian journal · 2026Review
- The COVID-19 pandemic influenced the temporal dynamics of antimicrobial resistance markers and bacterial community across urban wastewater treatment plants.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2026Article
- The cryo-EM structure of bacteriophage PRR1 and its role in conjugation inhibition.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Balancing Cationicity and Hydrophobicity in Dermaseptin-A4 Generates a Selective Antimicrobial Peptide with Enhanced Therapeutic Potential.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The Role of Pyrrolidine in Antibacterial Drug Discovery: Clinically Approved Antibiotics, Novel Derivatives, and Future Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Strengthening Antimicrobial Stewardship in Nigeria: Qualitative and Quantitative Insights into Barriers, Enablers, and Implementation Strategies (2015-2025).Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- National surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in Iran using IAMR software: A hospital-based study.New microbes and new infections · 2026Article
- Article
- Intergeneric conjugative transfer of plasmid-associated antibiotic resistance genes from environmental Aeromonas spp. to gram-negative recipient strains.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Minimum Inoculum of Resistance Assay for Evaluating Antitoxoplasmosis Compounds That Target Phenylalanine tRNA Synthetase.ACS infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Treatment Options for Metallo-Beta-Lactamase-ProducingInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background and Aims: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is projected to cause 10 million deaths annually by 2050 if left unaddressed, posing a severe threat to global health and modern medicine. This review analyzes the molecular and ecological mechanisms underlying antibiotic resistance and evaluates global efforts aimed at containment to identify actionable strategies to mitigate AMR's escalating impact. Methods: A systematic literature review was performed using databases including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, focusing on peer-reviewed studies from 2000 to 2024. Search terms included "antibiotic resistance," "resistance mechanisms," "horizontal gene transfer," and "AMR epidemiology." A total of 152 articles were selected based on predefined inclusion criteria relevant to resistance mechanisms, epidemiological data, clinical outcomes, and public health interventions. Results: Findings underscore three dominant resistance pathways: target site modification, enzymatic degradation (e.g., β-lactamases), and horizontal gene transfer via plasmids and transposons. Notably, resistance to last-resort antibiotics (e.g., colistin, carbapenems) is rising in pathogens such as Conclusion: AMR is a quantifiable, escalating crisis that undermines decades of progress in infectious disease control. Tackling it requires coordinated action: strengthening antimicrobial stewardship, incentivizing antibiotic R&D, integrating environmental and clinical surveillance under One Health frameworks, and implementing global policy reforms. Without prompt action, AMR could surpass cancer in annual mortality by mid-century.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.