ArticleCureus2025
Leptomeningeal Involvement in Relapsed Multiple Myeloma With Thoracic Spine and Orbital Metastases: A Case Report.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Headache as the initial symptom in two cases of multiple myeloma: a case report and literature review.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a clonal plasma cell disorder that primarily originates in the bone marrow and rarely presents as extramedullary disease. Central nervous system involvement, particularly in the form of leptomeningeal disease, is a rare and aggressive manifestation of MM. We report a case of a 44-year-old female with relapsed MM who presented with headache, diplopia, and ptosis. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed multiple enhancing dural nodular lesions. Cerebrospinal fluid cytology was negative for malignant cells. A dural biopsy confirmed leptomeningeal involvement of MM through histopathological examination and CD138 immunostaining. The patient was managed with systemic and intrathecal chemotherapy and corticosteroids and was referred for radiotherapy. Leptomeningeal involvement in MM remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to its rarity, rapid progression, and nonspecific presentation. This case highlights the need for heightened clinical suspicion and comprehensive diagnostic evaluation in MM patients with neurological symptoms.
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