ReviewMaterials today. Bio2025
Engineering principles of zwitterionic hydrogels: Molecular architecture to manufacturing innovations for advanced healthcare materials.
Review in Materials today. Bio, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Anion-π Interaction-Triggered Self-Healing Zwitterionic Hydrogel as an Immunocompatible Platform for Injectable Therapies.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Shattering the "golden armor": A natural supramolecular nanoplatform for optical virulence modulation and MRSA keratitis therapy.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Metal Nanoparticle-Reinforced Hydrogels Applied in the Inhibition of Clinical Pathogens: Structural Features, Mechanisms, and Biomedical Prospects.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- The Impact of Biomaterial Charge on Cells' Bioelectrical Signaling.Cells, tissues, organs · 2026Review
- Spatiotemporal liposome-zwitterionic nano-hydrogel orchestrates immunomodulation and neurogenesis in spinal cord injury repair.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Structure-centered design of lipid-based nanocarriers to overcome biological barriers.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- Self-Healing Polymer-Based Coatings: Mechanisms and Applications Across Protective and Biofunctional Interfaces.Polymers · 2025Review
- Review
- Functional Hydrogels: A Promising Platform for Biomedical and Environmental Applications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Zwitterionic hydrogels have garnered significant attention for their exceptional anti-fouling properties and biocompatibility. These materials have been further enhanced through the incorporation of highly crosslinked 3D networks, endowing them with novel physicochemical characteristics such as stimuli-responsive swelling, ion conductivity, and antibacterial capabilities. In certain cases, zwitterionic motifs can impart self-healing properties for hydrogels, potentially paving the way for the development of functional biomaterials that closely mimic biological tissues. In recent years, we have witnessed substantial efforts from the scientific community to harness the potential of zwitterionic hydrogels for various biomedical applications. This review offers a comprehensive examination of the design principles underlying these materials, spanning from molecular engineering aspects to recent advancements in synthesis routes and fabrication methods. The discussion encompasses the advantages and limitations of different preparation processes, as well as prospects for zwitterionic hydrogels. As a result, this review aims to provide valuable insights for researchers and engineers working to optimize zwitterionic hydrogels for specific biomedical applications, including drug delivery, tissue engineering, and biosensors.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.