ArticleFrontiers in psychology2025
Restorative effects and perception of nature-themed artworks in indoor environments: an empirical study based on VR+EEG.
Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Foreground, midground, and restoration: EEG and preference responses to depth-controlled rural scenes.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Restorative effects of small urban parks: a multi-method study using eye-tracking and psychophysiological measures in Fuzhou, China.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Effects of green-wall layouts on psychological and physiological responses in office environments: a virtual-environment study.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
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Abstract
Background: While numerous studies have examined the restorative effects of natural elements in indoor environments, limited attention has been given to the role of natural analogues. This study investigates the restorative effects of nature-themed artwork, a common natural analogue in biophilic design. Materials and methods: Virtual reality (VR) was employed to simulate five work environments: rooms featuring nature-themed artwork, a blank foreground, an architectural window view, a natural window view, and a green plant wall, respectively. Measuring content included electroencephalography (EEG), blood pressure, heart rate, and restorative evaluations to compare the effects of these environments on physiological and psychological responses across conditions. Results: Nature-themed artwork significantly reduced systolic blood pressure ( Discussion: The results demonstrate that nature-themed artwork exerts restorative effects comparable to direct natural elements (natural window views and green plant walls), surpassing both blank walls and architectural views. This underscores its potential as an effective natural analogue. This study provides reference information for designers involved in interior natural decoration, considering physiological, neural, and psychological aspects.
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