Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40703136›Full record

ArticleEuropean heart journal. Digital health2025

Medicine, healthcare and the AI act: gaps, challenges and future implications.

Emmanouil P Vardas, Maria Marketou, Panos E Vardas

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in European heart journal. Digital health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. A strategic pathway for the ethical development of AI tools in dementia care.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Regulatory science for AI-basedJournal of pathology informatics · 2026
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Advances in Artificial Intelligence for Wrist Joint Injury Diagnosis.International journal of medical sciences · 2026
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Emmanouil P VardasDepartment of Cardiology, Athens General Hospital G. Gennimatas, Athens, Greece.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3506-2629
Maria MarketouDepartment of Cardiology, Heraklion University General Hospital, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1888-3430
Panos E VardasMedical School, University of Crete, Voutes, Heraklion, 70013 Crete, Greece.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4499-0806

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The European Union's Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act), published in July 2024, is a pioneering horizontal regulatory framework aimed at ensuring the ethical and safe integration of AI technologies across sectors, including healthcare. While it offers the potential to improve patient care and drive innovation, it also presents challenges for healthcare providers, such as identifying high-risk applications, ensuring transparency in algorithms, and mitigating data bias. However, there are several challenges in its implementation. These include unclear guidance for certain technologies, the need to ensure fairness for diverse patient populations, effective monitoring of AI performance after deployment, and clarifying responsibility in cases of errors. Additionally, varying levels of resources among EU countries may lead to inconsistent implementation of the regulations. This article explores the core elements of the AI Act and its relevance to cardiology and identifies key gaps and unanswered questions that need to be addressed to effectively advance AI-driven medical practices.

Indexed as

AI ActArtificialCardiovascularIntelligenceQuality management systems

Identifiers

PMID40703136
PMCPMC12282355

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.