ReviewGlia2025
Building Immunocompetent Cerebral Organoids From a Developmental Perspective.
Review in Glia, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Microglial states revisited: from homeostasis to disease.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2026Review
- 3D cortical microtissue with innate microglia for studying real-time cell behavior across maturation and inflammatory response.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Epigenetic control of microglial developmental milestones from proliferative progenitors to efficient phagocytes.Research square · 2026Article
- Epigenetic control of microglial developmental milestones from proliferative progenitors to efficient phagocytes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Cerebral organoids derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are increasingly becoming essential tools to study the human brain, from understanding pathological mechanisms in neurodevelopmental, neurodegenerative, and infectious diseases to identifying genetic risks and biomarkers. To resemble the brain environment, cerebral organoids must contain microglia, the resident macrophages of the brain parenchyma that are essential for its homeostasis. As microglia derive from the yolk sac, they are not present in conventional brain organoids, which are generated by reprogramming iPSCs towards the neuroectodermal lineage and must be exogenously incorporated through a variety of strategies. Once in the organoid parenchyma, microglia must recapitulate their developmental milestones to achieve full immunocompetence, reaching a mature transcriptional profile and morphology, a tessellated distribution, efficient phagocytosis, and controlled inflammatory responses. In this review, we will summarize recent protocols that have been developed to generate human microglial-containing cerebral organoids (MCCOs), focusing on the methods used to assess the level of microglial maturation compared to their in vivo counterparts. We provide a series of recommendations to assess microglial immunocompetence using stringent quantitative approaches that will promote developing standardized protocols to culture MCCOs.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.