Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40702374›Full record

ArticleAnnals of dyslexia2026

Understanding the experience of adults with dyslexia: a quantitative and qualitative analysis.

Zoey Stark, Aaron P Johnson

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Annals of dyslexia, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Zoey StarkDepartment of Psychology, SP244, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. West, H4B 1R6, Montréal, Canada. zoey.stark@mail.concordia.ca.ORCID 0000-0002-0484-7722
Aaron P JohnsonDepartment of Psychology, SP244, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. West, H4B 1R6, Montréal, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-4428-7109

Funding

Fonds de Recherche du Québec-Société et Culture 282985Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council 767-2022-1603
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Dyslexia is a neurobiological disorder characterized by persistent difficulties in reading, writing and spelling. Studying adults with dyslexia is challenging due to diverse experiences, varying ages of diagnosis and potential comorbidities. This study utilized a mixed-method approach to explore how the timing and occurrence of a dyslexia diagnosis influence individuals' experiences. Descriptive analysis revealed heterogeneous responses concerning age of diagnosis and overall experience, with predictor variables including perceived reading severity, family dyslexia diagnosis, comorbidities and self-perceptions of disability, intelligence, frustration, laziness, empowerment and self-restraint. To further investigate these associations, three classification and regression trees (CART) were constructed, showing that individuals diagnosed early or late without comorbidities were more likely to report positive or neutral experiences. A qualitative reflexive thematic analysis identified six themes: (1) internalizing effects of dyslexia, (2) perceived experience of dyslexia, (3) perceived perception by others, (4) shifts in experience over time, (5) acceptance and (6) coping skills. These qualitative findings complemented the descriptive and CART results, providing a comprehensive understanding of dyslexia experiences and secondary effects based on the age of diagnosis. This combined analysis underscores the importance of early diagnosis and the absence of comorbidities in shaping positive outcomes for individuals with dyslexia.

Indexed as

Adaptation, PsychologicalDyslexiaAdultFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedQualitative ResearchSelf ConceptYoung AdultAdult dyslexiaDevelopmentExperienceMix-method

Identifiers

PMID40702374
PMCPMC13124755

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.