Trial reportScientific reports2025
Effectiveness of deep breathing exercises on anxiety, depression and sleep quality in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery.
Trial report in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effects of Traditional Chinese Mind-Body Exercise on Physical Function in Older Adults with Sarcopenia and Frailty: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Comparing the sleep benefits of Nature-Based Interventions: Evidence from a Bayesian Network meta-analysis.iScience · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of deep breathing exercises on sleep quality, anxiety, and depression in coronary artery bypass graft patients. This is a clinical trial with 2 parallel groups (intervention, control) that was conducted on 80 patients underwent coronary artery bypass surgery. Participants were randomly assigned to the groups using a computer-generated random sequence. Allocation was concealed using sealed opaque envelopes prepared by an independent researcher. The intervention group performed deep breathing exercises every three hours, 10 breaths each time, for four days post-surgery. Both groups completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale at four time points: before intervention (T0), discharge (T1), 15 days later (T2), and one month post-discharge (T3). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was completed at T0 and T3. Due to the nature of the intervention, blinding of participants and intervention providers was not feasible. However, outcome assessor at T2 and T3 and data analyst were blinded to group assignments to minimize bias. In the intervention group, mean anxiety scores decreased from 10.35 at T0 to 6.97 at T1, 8.92 at T2, and 8.20 at T3 (η² = 0.08, p < 0.05). Depression scores decreased from 10.45 at T0 to 7.92 at T1, 8.77 at T2, and 7.65 at T3 (η² = 0.05, p < 0.05). Sleep quality improved significantly from 9.72 at T0 to 2.82 at T3 (p = 0.0001). Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc tests and independent and paired t-tests. Deep breathing exercises, as a simple and non-pharmacological nursing intervention, can reduce anxiety and depression and improve sleep quality in CABG patients. Nurse-led training of deep breathing is strongly recommended to support psychological well-being and sleep management in these patients.This research has been registered in Iran's Clinical Trials Registry on 18/12/2023 (IRCT20231208060294N1).
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.