ReviewBritish journal of cancer2025
T cell engagers: expanding horizons in oncology and beyond.
Review in British journal of cancer, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Efficacy and safety of bispecific antibodies versus other antitumor therapies in solid tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Trial Watch - bispecific T cell engagers and higher-order multispecific immunotherapeutics.Oncoimmunology · 2026Review
- Article
- Human lung explants as a predictive platform for evaluating the on-target, off-tumor toxicity of T cell bispecifics.iScience · 2026Article
- Leveraging a QSP Platform for Prediction of Clinical Efficacy and Safety Biomarkers in Immuno-Oncology Combination Therapy.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Article
- Preclinical Characterization of CLSP-1025, a First-in-Class, Mutation-Specific T-Cell Engager Targeting a Neoantigen Derived from a Common p53 Mutation.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026Article
- T cell senescence and exhaustion: molecular mechanisms and immune rejuvenation for cancer immunotherapy.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Advances in Bispecific Antibodies and Antibody-Drug Conjugates for Colorectal Cancer Treatment.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Realizing the potential of agonistic antibody immunotherapy.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026Review
- Article
- From molecular pathogenesis to novel Therapeutic approaches - a review of recent advances in the treatment of peripheral T cell Lymphomas.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- Single-Chain Variable Fragment Fusion Proteins for Targeted Delivery and Therapy.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- MAGE-A4/MAGE-A8-targeted TCR-based bispecific T cell engager in recurrent and/or refractory solid tumors: a phase 1 trial.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- A simple algebraic expression can determine if a drug's clearance is non-specific or target-mediated.Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics · 2026Article
- Dermatologic Adverse Events Associated with T-Cell Engager Therapy.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2026Review
- Recombinant Protein Drugs: A 2025 Update.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2026Review
- Advances in cancer immunotherapy: adoptive cell therapy and immune cell engagers in solid tumours.British journal of cancer · 2026Review
- LGR5: from stem cell marker to therapeutic target.Trends in cancer · 2026Review
- Metabolic vulnerabilities and therapeutic opportunities in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.Oncogenesis · 2026Review
- Therapeutic Vaccines for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.Vaccines · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
introductionT cell engagers (TCEs) are engineered immunotherapeutic molecules designed to direct the body's immune system against tumour or infected cells by bridging T cells and their targets, triggering potent cytotoxic responses. Over the past decade, TCE-based therapies have gained momentum in oncology, resulting in several FDA approvals for haematologic malignancies and showing growing promise in solid tumours.
objectiveThis review elaborates on TCE mechanisms of action, emphasising their ability to activate T cells, target tumour antigens, and modulate the tumour microenvironment. METHODS/
resultsWe also delve into the clinical outcomes demonstrating TCE efficacy, alongside challenges such as cytokine release syndrome, antigen heterogeneity, and short half-lives. Recent advances in TCE design have incorporated multispecific constructs and conditional activation strategies and expansion in target molecules has enabled broadening applications to non-oncology indications like autoimmune and infectious diseases. Moreover, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) has also accelerated TCE discovery by identifying favourable epitope interactions, reducing immunogenicity risks, and enhancing overall design efficiency.
conclusionsLooking further, these advances open up a new era to redefine success for TCEs in both cancer and beyond, offering hope for more effective, safer immunotherapies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.