ArticlePloS one2025
Gender differences in the Italian academic landscape: Examining inequalities within the medical area in the last decade.
Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- A 20-Year Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Gender Workforce in Medical Departments of Psychiatry/Psychotherapy and Neurology in Germany.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Gender disparities in Italian academic medicine: A cross-sectional study of clinicians in the 2024 stanford top 2% scientists database.PloS one · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Gender equality remains a key focus in research and innovation policies. However, the academic sector still exhibits significant under-representation of women in leadership roles and horizontal segregation affecting career trajectories. This study examines gender inequalities in top positions and career progression within Italy's Medical Sciences sector (Area 06) from 2014 to 2023, through data from the Cineca portal, including details on academic roles, gender, region, and scientific-disciplinary sectors (SSDs). Gender disparity was evaluated using the Glass Ceiling Index (GCI) and the Glass Door Index (GDI). Data analysis up to 2023 shows a gender inversion in career progression: women dominate early career stages - accounted for 71.5% of research fellows and 57.1% of RTDA positions -, but men prevail in senior roles, with 61.8% associate professors and 71.8% full professors. This trend is consistent across most SSDs. Although temporal analysis indicates a reduction in gender disparities in top positions - with a GCI ranging from 2.3 in 2015 to 1.7 in 2023 - GCI values above one across all regions suggest persistent gender inequality. The GDI values, ranging from 1.3 in 2015 to 1.6 in 2023, exhibit considerable variability; however, overall, the disparities have worsened by 2023. These findings underscore the need for concrete measures to enhance equity and inclusivity in academia. Developing and implementing initiatives, programs, and policies that guarantee equal opportunities and resources for all researchers, irrespective of gender, is essential.
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Registered trials
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