Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40699810›Full record

ReviewCurrent issues in molecular biology2025

Antioxidant Naturally Occurring Pleiotropically Acting Bioactive Compounds, as Polymeric Nanotherapeutics Against Autoimmune Diseases Progression.

Panagiotis Theodosis-Nobelos, Fani-Niki Varra, Michail Varras, Georgios Papagiouvannis, Eleni A Rekka

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Current issues in molecular biology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Panagiotis Theodosis-NobelosDepartment of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, Frederick University, Nicosia 1036, Cyprus.
Fani-Niki VarraMedical School, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece.
Michail VarrasFourth Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 'Elena Venizelou' General Hospital, 11521 Athens, Greece.
Georgios PapagiouvannisDepartment of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, Frederick University, Nicosia 1036, Cyprus.
Eleni A RekkaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Autoimmune diseases are driven by chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, thus requiring innovative therapeutic approaches. Polymeric nanotherapeutics incorporating antioxidant bioactive compounds offer a promising strategy for immune modulation and enhanced drug delivery. This review explores the application of polymer-based nanocarriers for improving the solubility, bioavailability, and targeted delivery of antioxidant compounds in autoimmune disease treatment. A comprehensive analysis of recent advancements in polymeric nanoformulations, including poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), polyethylene glycol (PEG), chitosan, and hyaluronic acid, was conducted. The therapeutic efficacy of various antioxidant-loaded nanoparticles has been assessed in both preclinical and clinical studies. Phenolic antioxidants, such as resveratrol, curcumin, quercetin, and epigallocatechin-3-gallate, exhibit potent anti-inflammatory effects; however, their poor solubility limits their clinical application. Nanocarriers such as dendrosomes, tannic acid-based reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging nanoparticles, and folic acid-functionalized systems enhance drug stability, controlled drug release, and macrophage targeting. Carotenoid and bilirubin nanoparticles further demonstrate immunomodulatory effects in multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. Polymeric antioxidant nanotherapeutics provide targeted and sustained drug delivery, offering improved efficacy and reduced toxicity. Future research should focus on optimizing these nanocarriers for clinical translation and patient-centered therapeutic strategies.

Indexed as

antioxidant bioactive compoundsautoimmune diseasecontrolled drug releaseinflammationoxidative stresspharmacokinetic improvementtargeted drug delivery

Identifiers

PMID40699810
PMCPMC12192113

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.