ArticleResearch (Washington, D.C.)2025
In Situ Pixel-Scale Magnetic Programming 3-Dimensional Printing for Multimode Soft Miniature Robots with Multifunctions.
Article in Research (Washington, D.C.), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Magneto-X Effects in Magnetic Soft Materials and Their Applications.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Deep Reinforcement Learning for Real-World Humanoid Robot Locomotion Control with Automatic Reward Learning.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Magnetic microrobots with noncontact and real-time control capabilities have garnered marked attention for targeted drug delivery in narrow, enclosed pathways within the human body. The manufacturing method of these magnetic robots plays a crucial role in determining their functionality. In this study, a photocuring 3-dimensional (3D) printing technique with in situ pixel-scale magnetic programming was developed, enabled by a 3D large-scale uniform magnetic field generator with a high strength of approximately 50 mT. Magnetic particles were rotated and aligned on demand to print intelligent structures with a spatial resolution of 50 μm. A novel key-node splicing magnetization method was introduced to control multicurved deformations in 1D strips and 2D membrane magnetic robots, enabling various modes of locomotion, such as rolling, creeping, swimming, and patch-based drug release. To support additional functions, 3D spatial magnetization was implemented for customized spiral capsule robots, allowing precise multidirectional swimming and multitarget droplet-based drug delivery. These multimode and multifunctional magnetic actuators were validated through in vivo operations in confined environments such as the gastrointestinal tract and bladder.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.