Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40697313›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in radiology2025

Brain tumor segmentation using deep learning: high performance with minimized MRI data.

Jacky Huang, Banu Yagmurlu, Powell Molleti, Richard Lee, Abigail VanderPloeg, Humaira Noor, Rohan Bareja, Yiheng Li, Michael Iv, Haruka Itakura

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in radiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. 3D Medical Image Segmentation with 3D Modelling.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Jacky Huang *Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.
Banu Yagmurlu *Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.
Powell MolletiDepartment of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.
Richard LeeDepartment of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.
Abigail VanderPloegDepartment of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.
Humaira NoorDepartment of Medicine, Stanford Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.
Rohan BarejaDepartment of Medicine, Stanford Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.
Yiheng LiDepartment of Medicine, Stanford Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.
Michael IvDepartment of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.
Haruka ItakuraDepartment of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: Brain tumor segmentation with MRI is a challenging task, traditionally relying on manual delineation of regions-of-interest across multiple imaging sequences. However, this data-intensive approach is time-consuming. We aimed to optimize the process by using a deep learning (DL) based model while minimizing the number of MRI sequences required to segment gliomas. Methods: We trained a 3D U-Net DL model using the annotated 2018 MICCAI BraTS dataset (training dataset, Results: Dice scores on cross-validation showed that T1C + FLAIR (ET: 0.814, TC: 0.856) matched or outperformed those of T1 + T2 + T1C + FLAIR (ET: 0.785, TC: 0.841), T1C-only (ET: 0.781, TC: 0.852) and FLAIR-only (ET: 0.008, TC: 0.619). Results on the test dataset also showed that T1C + FLAIR (ET: 0.867, TC: 0.926) matched or outperformed those of T1 + T2 + T1C + FLAIR (ET: 0.835, TC: 0.908), T1C-only (ET: 0.726, TC: 0.928), and FLAIR-only (ET: 0.056, TC: 0.543). T1C + FLAIR excelled in both ET and TC, exceeding the performance of the four-sequence dataset. T1C-only matched T1C + FLAIR in TC performance. Similarly Conclusions: DL-based brain tumor segmentation can achieve high accuracy using only two MRI sequences (T1C + FLAIR). Reduction of multiple sequence dependency may enhance DL generalizability and dissemination in both clinical and research contexts. Our findings may ultimately help mitigate human labor intensity of a complex task integral to medical imaging analysis.

Indexed as

3D brain tumor segmentationartificial intelligencecomputer visionconvolutional neural network (CNN)deep learning (DL)gliomamagnetic resonance imaging (MRI)semantic segmentation

Identifiers

PMID40697313
PMCPMC12281592

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.