Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40696142›Full record

ArticleCommunications engineering2025

Design and fabrication of a low-cost liquid optical waveguide for augmented reality.

Dechuan Sun, Gregory Tanyi, Alan Lee, Chris French, Younger Liang, Christina Lim, Ranjith R Unnithan

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Communications engineering, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Dechuan SunDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. dechuan.sun@unimelb.edu.au.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0628-596X
Gregory TanyiDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Alan LeeDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Chris FrenchNeural Dynamics Laboratory, Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1445-8704
Younger LiangKDH Advanced Research Pty Ltd, Balwyn North, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Christina LimDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Ranjith R UnnithanDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. r.ranjith@unimelb.edu.au.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1710-002X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The design and production of augmented reality (AR) waveguide combiners face considerable challenges due to the intricate nature of conventional fabrication techniques and the need for high precision. To overcome these obstacles, the field requires rapid prototyping methods that enable researchers and engineers to swiftly explore various designs and configurations, thereby accelerating the development process. Here, we have developed a cost-effective method for fabricating liquid geometric waveguide combiners for AR applications using silicone oil as the medium, leveraging the capabilities of Polyjet 3D printing. During the design phase, we optimized the structure of the waveguide combiner to facilitate easier fabrication. Our proposed method simplifies the production process by removing the need for complicated steps like dicing, layer bonding, and polishing, which are usually involved in traditional manufacturing techniques. We conducted optical simulations and developed a prototype using our patented fabrication method, successfully demonstrating its feasibility for rapid prototyping.

Identifiers

PMID40696142
PMCPMC12284017

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.