Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40695545›Full record

ArticleBMJ global health2025

Policies, practices, opportunities and challenges for tuberculosis screening: a global survey of national tuberculosis programmes.

Liana Macpherson, Cecily Miller, Yohhei Hamada, Lele Rangaka, Morten Ruhwald, Dennis Falzon, Sandra Kik, Hanif Esmail

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ global health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Liana MacphersonMRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, University College London, London, UK liana.macpherson.13@ucl.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6025-0878
Cecily MillerGlobal TB Programme, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland.
Yohhei HamadaWHO Collaborating Centre for Tuberculosis Research and Innovation, UCL Centre for Global Tuberculosis Research, Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK.
Lele RangakaMRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, University College London, London, UK.
Morten RuhwaldFIND, Geneva, Switzerland.
Dennis FalzonGlobal TB Programme, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland.
Sandra KikFIND, Geneva, Switzerland.
Hanif EsmailMRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, University College London, London, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThere are limited published data on how countries carry out screening for tuberculosis (TB) disease and what the perceived challenges are for implementing screening from a country perspective. Understanding these factors are important to enable better planning and support for the roll-out of appropriate screening interventions.

methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey of national TB programmes from countries reporting >1000 TB cases annually.

resultsSixty of 123 countries responded, representing 82% of the global TB burden. Only 35% of countries had a policy to screen for TB in all four key risk groups identified by WHO, 66% carried out all six WHO-recommended steps to implement screening and 39% collected all seven of the WHO-recommended data points for monitoring activity. Although 68% of countries planned to increase CXR-based screening, 90% reported at least one significant barrier to implementing this, and 20% were not aware of computer-aided detection (CAD) software technology.

conclusionAlthough chest X-ray and CAD use are expanding and hold promise as tools to find people with TB, many programmes do not have adequate access to them. While global policy is in place that recommends the use of these tools, efforts should be made to support countries tackling these barriers.

Indexed as

Global HealthHealth PolicyMass ScreeningTuberculosisCross-Sectional StudiesHumansGlobal HealthHealth policyInfections, diseases, disorders, injuriesScreeningTuberculosis

Identifiers

PMID40695545
PMCPMC12281326

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.