ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2025
Tumor-associated bacteria activate PRDX1-driven glycolysis to promote immune evasion and PD-1 antibody resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Microbiota as a modulator of drug response: targeting microbial-drug crosstalk in cancer therapy.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Polysaccharides: Natural candidates for targeting immunometabolic regulation in hepatocellular carcinoma (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- Targeting KIF20A blocks lactylation modification to suppress immune escape in hepatocellular carcinoma.iScience · 2026Article
- Article
- Drug resistance mechanisms of immunotherapy and translational strategies for reversing resistance for hepatocellular carcinoma: from bench to bedside.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Recent studies have highlighted the presence of intratumoral bacteria in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), yet their contribution to immunotherapy resistance remains largely unexplored. This study investigates the mechanisms by which bacterial infection reshapes tumor metabolism to undermine the efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy. Methods: We conducted 16S rRNA gene sequencing on 29 HCC clinical samples and integrated the data with single-cell RNA sequencing of 12,487 cells to map microbial, metabolic, and immune interactions within the tumor microenvironment. Functional validation was performed using orthotopic HCC mouse models ( Results: Enrichment of Conclusion: Our findings identify PRDX1 as a central node in bacteria-driven metabolic reprogramming that facilitates immune evasion and resistance to PD-1 therapy in HCC. These findings provide the first evidence linking intratumoral bacteria to PD-1 resistance via redox-regulated metabolism, proposing dual targeting of PRDX1 and gut microbiota as a novel combinatorial immunotherapy strategy.
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