ReviewFrontiers in immunology2025
Immunomodulatory mechanisms of the gut microbiota and metabolites on regulatory T cells in rheumatoid arthritis.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Microbiome-metabolite signaling networks in gastrointestinal disease: systems biology, network rewiring, and precision therapeutics.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Review
- Immunometabolism in rheumatoid arthritis: mechanisms, biomarkers, and the path to precision medicine.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Gut Microbiota in the Hepato-Cardiorenal Axis: Microbial Metabolites, Inflammation, and Emerging Therapeutic Targets.Current pharmaceutical design · 2026Review
- Systemic regulation of rheumatoid arthritis by mesenchymal stem cells: from immune homeostasis to microbiota modulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota and intestinal permeability in rheumatoid arthritis: pathogenic mechanisms.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The triangular drivers of bone aging: mechanistic insights and therapeutic targets in cellular senescence, estrogen deficiency, and gut microenvironment dysregulation.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota profile, potential engineering techniques and its genetic and epigenetic implications in poultry health.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2025Review
- The Gut-Joint Connection: Microbiome's Role in Rheumatic Disease.Archives of rheumatology · 2025Review
- Th17/Treg imbalance in inflammatory bowel disease: immunological mechanisms and microbiota-driven regulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease, in which the abnormal activation and proliferation of effector T cells play a pivotal role in its pathogenesis. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a unique subset of immune cells with immunosuppressive functions, which help to inhibit the differentiation and proliferation of effector T cells in RA and maintain immune tolerance. The interaction between gut microbiota and immune cells has long been a research hotspot in autoimmune diseases. Although gut microbiota metabolites are considered to regulate the host's immune system as a bridge of the gut-joint axis, how gut microbiota acts on immunosuppressive Tregs remains unclear. This review summarizes that how the gut microbiota directly or indirectly (via metabolites) enhances the immunosuppressive capacity of Tregs. This enhancement is primarily achieved through pathways such as promoting the induction of Tregs, upregulating the expression of characteristic transcription factors of Tregs, and facilitating their secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines, thereby ameliorating the inflammatory microenvironment and subsequently improving autoimmune conditions in RA.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.