Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40691463›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Geopolymerization threatens the persistence of organic carbon associated with iron in anoxic environments.

Cheng Zhao, Yingxun Du, Hongwei Wang, Wenjie Zhou, Fan Xun, Shun Liu, Biao Li, Xiancai Lu, Qinglong L Wu, Ke-Qing Xiao and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Cheng ZhaoKey Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.
Yingxun DuKey Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-9923
Hongwei WangKey Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.
Wenjie ZhouKey Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.
Fan XunKey Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.
Shun LiuCenter for the Pan-Third Pole Environment, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Biao LiKey Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7405-5210
Xiancai LuState Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Qinglong L WuKey Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1636-4928
Ke-Qing Xiao *College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. kqxiao@rcees.ac.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6809-9340
Peng Xing *Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China. pxing@niglas.ac.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4917-5181

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 31722008National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 92251304National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) U2102216
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The sequestration of organic carbon (OC) through mineral association in soils and sediments is a crucial process that regulates carbon sink dynamics and the global carbon cycle. However, minerals can participate in both abiotic and biotic OC transformations, altering the persistence of mineral-associated OC under anoxic conditions. In this work, we report that synergistic interactions among metal (oxyhydr)oxides, such as iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and aluminum (Al) drive the polymerization of simple organic molecules into macromolecular geopolymers, increasing their electron transfer capacity by 52-115%. These geopolymers function as electron shuttles, enhancing OC decomposition through microbial dissimilatory iron reduction. This reduces the mean retention time (MRT) of OC bound to active and inert Fe minerals by 51.4 ± 15.6% and 74.1 ± 13.7%, respectively. Future carbon turnover models should explicitly account for the mineral composition, redox fluctuations, and microbial metabolic pathways to advance the understanding of the Earth's carbon sink.

Identifiers

PMID40691463
PMCPMC12280204

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.