ArticleAnalytical and bioanalytical chemistry2025
Alkanol-hexafluoroisopropanol high-density supramolecular solvent-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction of antipsychotics in human urine.
Article in Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
A dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method based on high-density alkanol-hexafluoroisopropanol supramolecular solvent (alkanol-HFIP SUPRAS) coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry is presented for microextraction and detection of four antipsychotics (aripiprazole, lurasidone, risperidone, and paliperidone) in urinary specimens. With octanol as the extractant and HFIP as the dispersant, SUPRAS-forming agent, and density regulator, reverse micelle aggregate-based SUPRAS spontaneously formed in urine, which acted as SUPRAS inducer and analytical sample. SUPRAS formation was not limited by sample pH or salt addition. The SUPRAS, located at the bottom layer of the sample solution due to its high density, was easily collected in trace volumes (~14 μL). Extraction conditions were studied and screened by the one-variable-at-a-time method, the Box-Behnken design, and response surface modeling. Optimal conditions provided low solvent consumption (70 μL of octanol and HFIP), short extraction time (40 s of vortex time), high extraction rate (61-78%), and good enrichment factor (44-55). There is a good linear relationship with correlation coefficients higher than 0.9959. Method limits of detection (S/N = 3) and quantification (S/N = 10) were in the ranges of 0.13-0.38 ng mL
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