Treatment Strategies for Acute Exacerbation of Interstitial Lung Disease Associated with Systemic Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases in Chinese Patients: A Scoping Review.

Connective tissue disease-related interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD) refers to a range of pulmonary complications arising from connective tissue disorders, characterized by alveolar inflammation and interstitial fibrosis. Various factors, such as the specific type of connective tissue disease, infections, and hypoxemia, influence acute exacerbations of CTD-ILD. Treatment strategies typically include targeted interventions for precipitating factors, glucocorticoids, immunosuppressants, and supportive care. Glucocorticoids play a key role in managing acute exacerbations of CTD-ILD; however, the optimal dosing and duration of treatment remain uncertain. Immunosuppressants show potential therapeutic value, but further studies are needed to determine the most effective regimens for CTD-ILD patients. Supportive care, including respiratory support and oxygen therapy, is crucial for symptom relief and correction of hypoxia. Despite recent treatment advancements in China, significant challenges remain in optimizing outcomes and improving survival rates in CTD-ILD, highlighting the need for a comprehensive, individualized management approach for Chinese patients. Future research should focus on elucidating the pathogenesis of CTD-ILD, tailoring treatment strategies, and establishing standardized diagnostic and management protocols based on the Chinese population.