Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40690147›Full record

ReviewClinical pharmacokinetics2025

Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Remimazolam.

Bas T de Jong, Douglas J Eleveld, Keira P Mason, Michel M R F Struys

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Clinical pharmacokinetics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Bas T de JongDepartment of Anesthesiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0009-0007-3939-9935
Douglas J EleveldDepartment of Anesthesiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-0340-3847
Keira P MasonDepartment of Anesthesiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9375-7816
Michel M R F StruysDepartment of Anesthesiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands. m.m.r.f.struys@umcg.nl.ORCID 0000-0003-0421-536X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Remimazolam is a benzodiazepine with a high affinity for the γ-aminobutyric acid type A-receptor thereby inducing sedation and amnesia. It is a short-acting drug, has a fast onset, short duration of action, and a predictable recovery profile. Remimazolam is metabolized mainly into CNS7054. In recent years, numerous population pharmacokinetic and combined pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic studies have been published. This narrative review aims to give an overview of and insight into pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic models and related clinical effects. Body weight, age and American Society of Anesthesiologists classification, sex, hepatic function, and extracorporeal circulation have been shown to significantly impact remimazolam pharmacokinetics. Body mass index, race, concomitant opioid administration, and a CNS7054-induced tolerance effect may be covariates. The labeling of remimazolam is not consistent worldwide as it has been approved for general anesthesia and/or sedation in different countries. To date, remimazolam is only approved by the intravenous route. Remimazolam has been approved for general anesthesia and/or sedation. The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting seems higher compared with propofol, yet pain on injection is less common. One study has published population pharmacokinetics in children. Reports on alternative methods to intravenous administration have been sparse.

Indexed as

BenzodiazepinesHypnotics and SedativesHumansBenzodiazepinesHypnotics and Sedativesremimazolam

Identifiers

PMID40690147
PMCPMC12414031

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.