Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40689986›Full record

ArticleEuropean spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society2026

Procedural, Reimbursement, and Geographic Trends in Adult Spinal Deformity Correction Surgery: A Medicare Analysis.

Paul G Mastrokostas, Leonidas E Mastrokostas, Ahmed K Emara, Jonathan Dalton, John K Houten, Jad Bou Monsef, Afshin E Razi, Mitchell K Ng

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In one paragraph

Article in European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Paul G MastrokostasDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, USA. Pmastrokostas06@gmail.com.
Leonidas E MastrokostasDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, USA.
Ahmed K EmaraDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA.
Jonathan DaltonRothman Orthopaedic Institute, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, USA.
John K HoutenDepartment of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA.
Jad Bou MonsefDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, USA.
Afshin E RaziDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, USA.
Mitchell K NgDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThis study aims to evaluate national trends in procedural volume, Medicare reimbursement rates, and geographic distribution of adult spinal deformity (ASD) correction surgeries among spine surgeons in the United States from 2013 to 2021.

methodsData was obtained from the Medicare Physician & Other Practitioners dataset, using Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes relevant to ASD surgeries. Median reimbursement rates were inflation-adjusted to 2021 dollars, with procedural volume and reimbursement trends assessed via univariate regression. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.

resultsAmong 111 unique spine surgeons, a total of 5,243 ASD correction procedures were identified. Surgeon participation increased by 29.63%, with neurosurgeons experiencing a rise of 55.56% (R

conclusionsThis study highlights trends in the provision of ASD correction surgeries within the Medicare population, underscoring the importance of addressing regional disparities and ensuring access to surgical care for this growing patient demographic.

Indexed as

Insurance, Health, ReimbursementMedicareSpinal CurvaturesAdultHumansNeurosurgeonsOrthopedic SurgeonsUnited StatesAdult spinal deformityGeographyMedicareProcedure volumeReimbursementTrends

Identifiers

PMID40689986

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.