ReviewJournal of medical education and curricular development
Scoping Review: The Effectiveness of Interprofessional Virtual Reality Simulation.
Review in Journal of medical education and curricular development. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Virtual simulation as a catalyst for equitable and authentic interprofessional learning.BMC medical education · 2026Article
- Adapting the TeamSTEPPS team performance observation tool for dyadic interprofessional VR simulations (vTPOT): a multi-step validation study.Advances in simulation (London, England) · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Interprofessional education (IPE) is utilised as a teaching strategy for future health practitioners to be effective team members in the healthcare system. Technology such as simulation is widely used in education. Virtual reality (VR) is a branch of simulation where learners interact in a virtual world. This scoping review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of virtual reality simulation modality in interprofessional (VR-Sim IPE) health education schemes, specifically for non-technical skills. Method: The PRISMA-ScR checklist and the Arksey and O'Malley methodological framework were used. Databases searched were Web of Science, ProQuest, OVID, SCOPUS, CINAHL Plus and British Educational Index from 2010 to 2025. Twelve articles met the search criteria. Articles were reviewed using three high-quality assessment tools: MERSQI, CASP and MMAT. Results: To explore effectiveness, four models were used. Firstly, findings were mapped to the four IPE domains/capabilities: Ethical practice, knowledge in practice, interprofessional working and reflection (learning). The second model was the 6 levels of learning efficacy; most studies showed level 4 of learning efficacy, while few articles captured the highest level (level 6). Thirdly, according to Revised Bloom's taxonomy learning domain (specifically the knowledge-cognitive dimension), 42% of the articles were categorised in analysing cognitive level and conceptual knowledge dimension. The highest level detected was evaluating cognitive level and procedural knowledge dimension. Finally, the modified Kirkpatrick's model for evaluating the effectiveness of educational outcomes was detected in 42% of the studies at level 3, ie, change in behaviours, the highest level captured in the review. Discussion and conclusion: This study showed how VR might be used in IPE activities. None of the articles assessed a procedure's technical skills or algorithm. Future considerations of implementing IPE using VR in undergraduate health students' modules and utilising the VR in assessment, for example, formative or summative objective structured clinical examinations (OSCEs), are required.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.