ReviewCureus2025
High-Frequency Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation in the Management of Pyramidal Tract-Related Spasticity: A Systematic Review.
Review in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07321158 (The Effectiveness of High Versus Low Pulse Duration Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effectiveness of High Versus Low Pulse Duration Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES) in Patients With Upper Limb Pyramidal Tract-related Spasticity Measured by Neurophysiological Tools: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It is known that the pyramidal tract is the main pathway that carries signals for voluntary movements. In upper motor neuron lesions, lesions to the pyramidal tract can lead to devastating consequences, one of which is spasticity. Among other rehabilitation techniques, the use of high-frequency transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (HF-TENS) could be beneficial in spasticity management. The goal of this systematic review was to summarize previously published information on the use of HF-TENS in the management of pyramidal tract-related spasticity (PTrS). A thorough research of the PubMed, MEDLINE, and Scopus databases was performed. The search identified 340 records. After screening, nine records met the inclusion-exclusion criteria and were assessed. The included studies investigated the effectiveness of HF-TENS on pyramidal tract-related lower limb spasticity. Spasticity was measured through the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), Composite Spasticity Scale (CSS), and spinal inhibition reflexes through the H-reflex. Seven records used a 30-minute HF-TENS in stroke human patients with lower limb spasticity. Results showed post-TENS reduction in spasticity and enhancement in balance ability without any significant alteration in Hoffmann's reflex (H-reflex) (p < .05). The last two records performed HF-TENS in multiple sclerosis and spinal cord injury patients with lower limb spasticity. The findings showed that 60-minute HF-TENS alleviated spasticity levels and pain levels as well as decreased resistance to full range of motion (ROM) and ankle clonus (p < .05). HF-TENS seems to be a promising therapeutic tool in managing PTrS. However, there is a need for homogenization of application parameters in order to be applied in rehabilitation centers.
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Registered trials
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