Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40688185›Full record

ArticleACS photonics2025

Synthesis of Arbitrary Interference Patterns Using a Single Galvanometric Mirror and Its Application to Structured Illumination Microscopy.

Ke Guo, Abderrahim Boualam, James D Manton, Christopher J Rowlands

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ACS photonics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ke GuoDepartment of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2906-8395
Abderrahim BoualamDepartment of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
James D MantonMRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, U.K.
Christopher J RowlandsDepartment of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8261-2371

Funding

Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) overcomes the diffraction limit of optical microscopy by projecting finely spaced interference fringes with different orientations and phases onto the sample and imaging the result. A major challenge of SIM is to generate the different illumination patterns with a high contrast and switching speed, which commonly requires expensive devices and the sacrifice of illumination power efficiency. We present a new way of generating interference patterns for 2D and 3D SIM achromatically, with high speed and high power efficiency, using only one moving part. The interference patterns are created by a common-path interferometer, with the orientation, polarization, and phase of interference patterns controlled by a single galvanometric mirror. We characterize the contrast and switching speed of the interference patterns and demonstrate their utility by performing high-speed (980 raw frames per second) 2D SIM imaging on fluorescent nanoparticles and 3D SIM on fixed iFluor 488 phalloidin-stained U-2 OS cells.

Indexed as

fringe projectiongalvanometerhigh-throughput imaginginterferencemicroscopystructured illumination microscopysuper-resolution

Identifiers

PMID40688185
PMCPMC12272674

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.