Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40687848›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2025

Characterization of vaginal microbiota across female reproductive phases.

Qingzhi Zhai, Yuan Gao, Mingyang Wang, Li Li, Lian Li, Jianghua Li, Ying Ma, Ke Niu, Mingxia Ye

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. The HIV Reservoir and Immune Landscape Across the Life Course of Women: Implications for Cure Strategies.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026
    Review
  3. Chemotaxis and selective interactions ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Qingzhi Zhai *Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
Yuan Gao *Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
Mingyang WangDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
Li LiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
Lian LiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
Jianghua LiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
Ying MaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
Ke NiuThe Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
Mingxia YeDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: The vaginal microbiota plays a crucial role in women's reproductive health, but its composition and function throughout different female reproductive phases remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the dynamic variations in vaginal microbial communities corresponding to different hormonal states throughout the female reproductive phase. Methods: Vaginal samples were collected from 150 healthy women across five reproductive phases: follicular phase, luteal phase, early pregnancy, lactation, and menopause (30 samples per group). 16S rRNA sequencing was used to analyze the microbial composition. Alpha and beta diversity analyses were performed, and random forest models were constructed to identify key microbial taxa associated with each phase. Functional profiling was conducted using Clusters of Orthologous Groups of Proteins (COG) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases. Results: Microbial communities show significant variations across the different reproductive phases. Conclusion: Our study reveals dynamic variations in vaginal microbiota across reproductive phases, closely linked to hormonal states, and highlights potential microbial targets for enhancing women's reproductive health.

Indexed as

16S rRNA sequencinghormonal variationsmicrobial diversityreproductive phasevaginal microbiota

Identifiers

PMID40687848
PMCPMC12271209

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.