ArticleJournal of pain research2025
Knee Pain Expansion in Early Osteoarthritis: Findings from Iwaki Cohort Study.
Article in Journal of pain research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Multifactorial contributors to knee osteoarthritis identified by Machine Learning and Bayesian network analysis: A cross-sectional study of the Iwaki Health Promotion Project.Osteoarthritis and cartilage open · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: In advanced knee osteoarthritis (KOA), chronic pain contributes to central sensitization, amplifying pain perception. Few studies have evaluated pain expansion in early-phase KOA. Here, we investigated how the pain area expands with KOA severity and its association with other knee symptoms. Patients and Methods: Among 737 community-dwelling volunteers, 658 were enrolled. Early KOA was defined according to Luyten's classification, and progressive KOA was defined as Kellgren-Lawrence ≥grade 2. A knee diagram, divided into 12 sections corresponding to the knee anatomy, was marked by patients to indicate areas of pain. The number of sections with reported pain was scored for analysis. Knee symptoms were evaluated using the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Scales (KOOS), and their relationship with the number of pain-positive sections was analyzed. Results: Of 658 subjects, 38 had early KOA and 233 had progressive KOA. The mean number of pain-positive sections was significantly higher in early KOA and progressive KOA groups than in normal knee (1.5, 1.0, and 0.3, respectively; p< 0.001). The anterior medial section (medial joint line and medial collateral ligament) was most frequently affected, followed by the pes anserinus and anterolateral region (lateral joint line and lateral collateral ligament) in overall participants. The number of indicated pain-positive sections correlated negatively with the KOOS scores. ROC analysis to estimate the KOOS total score cutoff for detecting the presence of two or more positive sections revealed a cutoff of 475 points for pain expansion, with a sensitivity of 0.310, a specificity of 0.846, and an [OR] of 12.21. (p ≤ 0.001, AUC: 0.828). Conclusion: Individuals with early KOA perceived more expansive pain areas than those with normal knees or progressive KOA. Expansion of the pain area was associated with knee symptom. Investigating the expansion of the pain sections may be useful in diagnosis for early KOA.
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