Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40687115›Full record

ArticleClinical parkinsonism & related disorders2025

Gait and balance dysfunction are associated with cognitive performance only in men with Parkinson's disease.

Amy W Amara, Kimberly H Wood, Aya M Miften, Lina Kleinschmidt, Corey S White, Allen Joop, Raima A Memon, Jennifer Pilkington, Jutaluk Kongsuk, Corina Catiul and 3 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Clinical parkinsonism & related disorders, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Amy W AmaraDepartment of Neurology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
Kimberly H WoodDepartment of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
Aya M MiftenDepartment of Neurology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
Lina KleinschmidtDepartment of Neurology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
Corey S WhiteDepartment of Psychology, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA.
Allen JoopDepartment of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
Raima A MemonDepartment of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
Jennifer PilkingtonDepartment of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
Jutaluk KongsukDepartment of Physical Therapy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
Corina CatiulDepartment of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
Adeel A MemonDepartment of Neurology, West Virginia University Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, Morgantown, WV 25605, USA.
Marcas M BammanFlorida Institute for Human & Machine Cognition, Pensacola, FL 32502, USA.
Christopher P HurtUAB Center for Exercise Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) can cause locomotor dysfunction and cognitive impairment and these symptoms are often associated. This study assesses relationships between comprehensive cognitive performance and locomotor function domains: gait, balance, and mobility, in men and women with PD. Methods: Sixty PD participants, Hoehn and Yahr 1-3, age ≥ 45, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment score ≥ 18, underwent locomotor function assessments and a comprehensive neurocognitive battery. Primary outcomes included Timed Up and Go (TUG), maximum walking speed (MWS), Mini Balance Evaluation Systems Test (Mini-BESTest), and cognitive composite score (CCS). Spearman correlations determined associations between cognition and locomotor function for the total sample and separately for men and women. Results: CCS correlated with all primary locomotor outcomes for the overall group and men only. Specifically, positive relationships were observed between the CCS and Mini-BEST Test (balance) for the overall group (p = 0.009) and men (p = 0.001), as well as MWS (gait) for the overall group (p = 0.006) and men (p < 0.001). CCS and TUG (mobility) were negatively correlated for the overall group (p = 0.005) and men (p < 0.001). There were no significant correlations between CCS and locomotor outcomes in women. Exploratory analyses suggest that performance in executive function, visuospatial skills, and processing speed drive these relationships. Conclusion: In PD, balance, gait, and mobility correlated with global cognition. Correlations between motor function and cognitive performance were evident only in men. This study enhances understanding of the complex interplay between cognition and motor function in PD, especially among men.

Identifiers

PMID40687115
PMCPMC12274842

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.