Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40686815›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2025

Impact of different front-of-package labeling models on food choices among residents in Shanghai, China: a randomized controlled trial.

Zhuo Sun, Xiao Chen, Jiangyue Yu, Wei Lu, Zehuan Shi, Kunyi Huang, Liping Shen, Wenqing Ma, Shupeng Mai, Qi Song and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Zhuo Sun *Department of Nutrition and Health, Division of Health Risk Factors Monitoring and Control, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China.
Xiao Chen *Shanghai Putuo District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China.
Jiangyue YuDepartment of Nutrition and Health, Division of Health Risk Factors Monitoring and Control, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China.
Wei LuDepartment of Nutrition and Health, Division of Health Risk Factors Monitoring and Control, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China.
Zehuan ShiDepartment of Nutrition and Health, Division of Health Risk Factors Monitoring and Control, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China.
Kunyi HuangSchool of Public Health, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Liping ShenDepartment of Nutrition and Health, Division of Health Risk Factors Monitoring and Control, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China.
Wenqing MaDepartment of Nutrition and Health, Division of Health Risk Factors Monitoring and Control, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China.
Shupeng MaiDepartment of Nutrition and Health, Division of Health Risk Factors Monitoring and Control, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China.
Qi SongDepartment of Nutrition and Health, Division of Health Risk Factors Monitoring and Control, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China.
Zhengyuan Wang *Department of Nutrition and Health, Division of Health Risk Factors Monitoring and Control, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China.
Jiajie Zang *Department of Nutrition and Health, Division of Health Risk Factors Monitoring and Control, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Increased convenience food consumption poses considerable public health concerns because of its high oil, salt, and sugar content. The World Health Organization endorses front-of-pack labeling (FOPL) as a strategy to enhance consumer choice toward healthier options. Despite their global adoption, the efficacy of various FOPL systems in China's unique market remains unexplored. Here, we evaluated the impact of different FOPL models on the food purchasing behaviors of Shanghai residents. Methods: This randomized controlled trial included 7,346 respondents, who were randomly assigned to one of four FOPL groups: Nutri-Choice (NC), Nutrition Information Panel (NIP), Comprehensive Nutri-Choice (CNC), and Warning Label (WL). An online questionnaire was used to collect the respondents' demographic profiles. The sensory perceptions, nutritional ranking ability, and intention to purchase healthy foods of the respondents were evaluated using a simulated shopping experiment. Results: In total, 88.03% of the respondents supported FOPL use in China. Respondents completed the NC and WL questionnaires more quickly than the CNC or NIP questionnaire, with the NIP questionnaire taking the longest to complete ( Conclusion: NC and CNC potentially improve consumers' understanding of packaged food nutritional data, encouraging healthier purchasing decisions. Our results provide a scientific rationale for formulating and implementing an impactful FOPL initiative in China.

Indexed as

Chinafront-of-package labelingNCprepackaged foodsrandomized controlled trial

Identifiers

PMID40686815
PMCPMC12272224

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.