Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40685733›Full record

ArticleEndocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets2026

Identifying AIM2 Circulating Methylation Levels as a Novel Diagnostic Biomarker for Rheumatoid Arthritis Using Targeted DNA Methylation Sequencing.

Jianan Zhao, Binghen He, Yu Shan, Kai Wei, Ping Jiang, Yiming Shi, Cen Chang, Yixin Zheng, Fuyu Zhao, Yunshen Li and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Rheumatoid Arthritis: Biomarkers and the Latest Breakthroughs.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Jianan ZhaoDepartment of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Binghen HeShanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai, China.
Yu ShanDepartment of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Kai WeiDepartment of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Ping JiangDepartment of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Yiming ShiDepartment of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Cen ChangDepartment of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Yixin ZhengDepartment of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Fuyu ZhaoDepartment of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Yunshen LiDepartment of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Yuejuan ZhengThe Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Yehua JinDepartment of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Xinliang LvTraditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China.
Mengru GuoDepartment of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThis study investigated the association between

methodsMethylTarget™ sequencing targeted

resultsRA and RF/CCP-positive patients showed significantly higher methylation at cg11003133_79/91 compared to HC and AS (FDR < 0.05), but lower levels compared to DM. Methylation at cg11003133_139 was elevated in RA compared to AS/SS (FDR = 0.04/0.03). Anti- TNF-α non-responders had higher cg11003133_79/91 methylation levels compared to HC/AS non-responders (FDR < 0.05). RF-negative RA patients had higher cg11003133_91 methylation than AS patients who failed anti-TNF-α treatment (FDR < 0.05). Haplotype CCCC correlated positively with CRP (r = 0.14, P = 0.006); TTTT was significantly negatively correlated with erythrocyte sedimentation rate, CRP, and the presence of diabetes (r = -0.18, -0.15, and -0.14; P < 0.001, 0.003, and 0.008, respectively). XGBoost and RF models achieved AUCs of 0.9911 and 0.9975 for RA versus non-RA, and 1 for RF/CCP double-negative versus double-positive RA. DISCUSSION:

conclusions

Indexed as

Arthritis, RheumatoidDNA-Binding ProteinsDNA MethylationSequence Analysis, DNAAdultAgedBiomarkersCase-Control StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedAIM2 protein, humanBiomarkersDNA-Binding ProteinsAIM2 proteinDNA methylationepigenesisgenetic.humanRheumatoid arthritis

Identifiers

PMID40685733
PMCPMC13334255

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.