Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40685448›Full record

ReviewAnnals of intensive care2025

Biomarkers to guide sepsis management.

Vasiliki Bourika, Evangelia-Areti Rekoumi, Evangelos J Giamarellos-Bourboulis

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Annals of intensive care, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Diagnostic accuracy of PCT, IL-6, and MR-ProADM for early identification of sepsis in the emergency department.Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2026
    Observational
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Observational
  9. Article
  10. Recent advances in early screening and diagnosis of sepsis: a narrative review.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026
    Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Vasiliki Bourika *Hellenic Institute for the Study of Sepsis, Athens, Greece.
Evangelia-Areti Rekoumi *Hellenic Institute for the Study of Sepsis, Athens, Greece.
Evangelos J Giamarellos-BourboulisHellenic Institute for the Study of Sepsis, Athens, Greece. egiamarel@med.uoa.gr.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4713-3911

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSepsis remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Precision therapeutics are now regarded as a novel prospective to improve outcome. This approach relies on biomarkers to identify a pathway of pathogenesis which prevails and directs the best available therapeutic option to modulate this pathway. This review provides the most recent findings on biomarkers for bacterial or viral sepsis. These biomarkers provide guidance for prompt diagnosis and management tailored to specific needs. MAIN BODY: Keywords relative to sepsis management (early recognition, antibiotic administration, selection of fluids, vasopressors and immunotherapy) were searched across PubMed database. Published evidence the last five years exists for heparin-binding protein (HBP), monocyte distribution width (MDW), interleukin-10 (IL-10), presepsin, procalcitonin and C-reactive protein (CRP) for early sepsis diagnosis; procalcitonin is the most well-studied biomarker for antibiotic guidance. Endothelial and cardiac biomarkers have been explored as tools to tailor circulatory support in sepsis, including fluid therapy, and the targeted use of vasopressors for vascular tone optimization.

conclusionThis review explored how biomarkers can optimize immunomodulatory therapies, guide vasopressor initiation, inform antibiotic stewardship, and aid in fluid resuscitation decisions, ultimately improving patient outcomes.

Indexed as

AntibioticsBiomarkersFluidsGuidanceSepsisVasopressors

Identifiers

PMID40685448
PMCPMC12277237

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.