Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40684212›Full record

ArticleBMC medical ethics2025

Advancing equity in healthcare systems: understanding implicit bias and infant mortality.

Sophia M Gran-Ruaz, Shruti Mistry, M Myriah MacIntyre, Dana Strauss, Sonya C Faber, Monnica T Williams

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC medical ethics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Sophia M Gran-RuazSchool of Psychology, University of Ottawa, 136 Jean-Jacques Lussier, Vanier Hall, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada.
Shruti MistrySchool of Psychology, University of Ottawa, 136 Jean-Jacques Lussier, Vanier Hall, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada.
M Myriah MacIntyreSchool of Psychology, University of Ottawa, 136 Jean-Jacques Lussier, Vanier Hall, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada.
Dana StraussSchool of Psychology, University of Ottawa, 136 Jean-Jacques Lussier, Vanier Hall, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada.
Sonya C FaberSchool of Psychology, University of Ottawa, 136 Jean-Jacques Lussier, Vanier Hall, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada.
Monnica T WilliamsSchool of Psychology, University of Ottawa, 136 Jean-Jacques Lussier, Vanier Hall, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada. monnica.williams@uOttawa.ca.

Funding

Canada Research Chairs CRC-2018-002397
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Using data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) and Project Implicit, this study examined whether anti-Black implicit racial biases predict infant mortality for Black Americans. We examined state-level mean Black-White Implicit Association Test (BW-IAT) Bias Scores and controlled for explicit bias scores and White infant mortality rates for over 1.7 million American participants across ten different ethnoracial groups between 2018-2020. Hierarchical linear regressions determined state-level anti-Black implicit bias significantly predicted state-level Black infant mortality rates, above and beyond explicit bias and White infant mortality, in 2018 (b = .32, t(34) = 2.09, p < .05), 2019 (b = .30, t(34) = 2.09, p < .05), and 2020 (b = .32, t(34) = 2.18, p < .05). State-level anti-Black implicit bias also explained a significant proportion of variance in state-level infant mortality rates, in 2018 (R

Indexed as

Black or African AmericanDelivery of Health CareHealthcare DisparitiesHealth EquityInfant MortalityRacismAdultFemaleHumansInfantInfant, NewbornMaleUnited StatesWhiteAnti-Black racismBlack AmericansExplicit biasImplicit biasInfant mortality

Identifiers

PMID40684212
PMCPMC12275399

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.