Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40684134›Full record

ArticleBMC oral health2025

Fracture resistance of milled and 3D printed ultra-thin occlusal veneers made of CAD/CAM resin-based ceramics cemented by variable luting approaches.

Ali A Elkaffas, Abdullah Alshehri, Abdullah Ali Alqahtani, Abdulellah F Almudahi, Khalid K Alanazi, Feras Abdulqader Alhalabi, Mohammed Ali Abuelqomsan, Ali R Alqahtani

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC oral health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Influence of Surface Conditioning Protocols and Lining Materials on the Fracture Resistance of Aged 3D-Printed Onlay Restorations.Journal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.] · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Functional Adhesives for a Restorative Future.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Ali A ElkaffasDept. of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj Po (box) 11942, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia. a.elkaffas@psau.edu.sa.
Abdullah AlshehriDept. of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj Po (box) 11942, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.
Abdullah Ali AlqahtaniDept. of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj Po (box) 11942, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.
Abdulellah F AlmudahiDept. of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj Po (box) 11942, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.
Khalid K AlanaziDept. of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj Po (box) 11942, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.
Feras Abdulqader AlhalabiDept. of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj Po (box) 11942, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.
Mohammed Ali AbuelqomsanDept. of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj Po (box) 11942, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.
Ali R AlqahtaniDept. of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj Po (box) 11942, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

Deanship of Scientific Research, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University PSAU/2024/03/31297
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPathological tooth wear is becoming an increasingly serious societal issue. Occasionally, occlusal veneers can stand in for more conventional prosthetic restorations like crowns, inlays, or onlays. Thus, this study aimed to assess the fracture resistance of resin-based ceramic ultra-thin occlusal veneers made by milling and 3D printing, cemented using various luting techniques, following thermomechanical cyclic loading.

methodsThe study utilized milled resin-based ceramic (Cerasmart

resultsThe fracture resistance was shown to be significantly affected by both the material type (p < 0.001) and the luting approach (p < 0.001). Statistically significant difference was detected between milled and 3-D printed groups (P = 0.001). A statistically significant difference in fracture resistance was observed between the milled PN group and the RC milled group (P = 0.009). Furthermore, a significant difference was found in fracture resistance between the 3D printed PN and the 3D printed RC groups (P = 0.008).

conclusionsThe resin cement variable strongly correlates with the fracture resistance of 3D printed and milled resin-based ceramics. The highest fracture resistance was observed in milled resin-based ceramics with PN, while the lowest was noted in 3D printed resin-based ceramics with BF.

Indexed as

CeramicsComposite ResinsDental VeneersPrinting, Three-DimensionalResin CementsDental Stress AnalysisMaterials TestingComposite ResinsResin Cements3D-printingCAD/CAMFracture resistanceOcclusal veneersResin-based ceramic

Identifiers

PMID40684134
PMCPMC12275452

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.