Trial reportBMC nephrology2025
Disinfection with chlorhexidine is more effective than ethanol for buttonhole cannulation in arteriovenous fistula: a randomized cross-over trial.
Trial report in BMC nephrology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Clinical Implementation of an Adapted Infection Risk Screening Tool Following Nurse-Led Haemodialysis Vascular Access Consultation.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundA patient's normal skin flora is most often the origin of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) infections. When the buttonhole cannulation technique is used, the risk of these types of infections increases. The most effective disinfectant should be used to prevent AVF infections, but evidence on which to choose is lacking. The present study assessed whether chlorhexidine is more effective than ethanol in patients treated with haemodialysis via AVF.
methodsIn this randomized, cross-over, clinical trial, we compared 5 mg/mL chlorhexidine in 70% ethanol to 70% ethanol alone with and without arm washing using serial sampling of normal skin flora directly before disinfection, immediately after the disinfectant effect time, and 2 and 4 h after disinfection during four different dialysis treatments. Scabs from the buttonhole tracks were collected and the type of bacteria in the scabs compared to the patient's normal skin flora. All participants were sampled during all four interventions. The CFU/mL and types of bacteria were compared between intervention groups.
resultsCompared to ethanol, chlorhexidine resulted in fewer positive haematin plates directly after disinfection (1.4% vs. 10.8% p = 0.032). After 2 and 4 h, ethanol in combination with arm washing showed an increased regrowth of bacteria compared to chlorhexidine without arm washing (60 vs. 170 CFU/mL, p = 0.046 and 160 vs. 338 CFU/mL, p = 0.022). Scabs from the buttonhole track contained normal skin flora (Cohen's kappa = 0.97).
conclusionDisinfection with chlorhexidine is more effective than ethanol when the buttonhole cannulation technique is used for AVF.
trial registrationThe study was registered June 12, 2023 in Clinical Trials Information System (CTIS) identification number: 2023-505935-11-00.
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