Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40684035›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Dual-sense circularly polarized array antenna for GPS L1/L2 bands and L-band satellite receivers.

Ahmed Azeez Khudhair, Javad Nourinia, Changiz Ghobadi, Majid Shokri

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In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ahmed Azeez KhudhairDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, 57561-51818, Iran.
Javad NouriniaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, 57561-51818, Iran. j.nourinia@urmia.ac.ir.
Changiz GhobadiDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, 57561-51818, Iran. ch.ghobadi@urmia.ac.ir.
Majid ShokriDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, 57561-51818, Iran.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A wideband, dual-sense circularly polarized (CP) crossed-dipole array antenna for L-band satellite receivers and GPS L1/L2 bands is presented in this study, addressing conventional designs' limitations. Using a single wideband double branch-line coupler and planar crossed-dipole arrays, the antenna achieves a measured impedance bandwidth of 57.14% (1.0-1.8 GHz) and an axial ratio bandwidth of 46.72% (1.05-1.69 GHz) as well as axial ratio beamwidths of 66.7°/107.3° for right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) and 82.7°/83.2° for left-hand circular polarization (LHCP), covering both L1 (1.575 GHz) and L2 (1.227 GHz) GPS bands in full. The incorporation of a single wideband double branch-line coupler with dual-band printed dipoles allows for wideband impedance matching and significantly improves the antenna's performance, achieving a 67% reduction in size compared to the previous design. Furthermore, the proposed configuration in this work simplifies the feeding network and broadens the operational bandwidth of the antenna, making it compatible with a variety of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs) and L-band satellite applications. These improvements introduce the proposed antenna as a compact, high-performance, and cost-effective solution for next-generation GNSS/L-band systems.

Indexed as

Array antennaBranch-Line couplerCircular polarizationCrossed-DipoleGNSSGPSL-Band

Identifiers

PMID40684035
PMCPMC12276253

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.