Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40683986›Full record

Observational studyJournal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association2025

Evaluation of kidney oxygenation monitoring with near infrared spectroscopy in preterm neonates: kidney location, depth, and laterality differences.

Matthew W Harer, Kate Walker, Lauren Gadek, Shayla Schwingle, Cassandra Nelson, Meg Baker, Elena Alfaro, Adam S Bauer, Paige Condit

Abstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Evaluation of kidney oxygenation compared to intestinal oxygenation and feeding timing in preterm neonates.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026
    Article
  2. Photoacoustic imaging of intestinal physiological biomarkers in infants and children.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Matthew W HarerDivision of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. mwharer@wisc.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5493-3269
Kate WalkerUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0007-1025-5698
Lauren GadekNorthwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
Shayla SchwingleDivision of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
Cassandra NelsonDivision of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
Meg BakerDivision of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
Elena AlfaroDivision of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
Adam S BauerDivision of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7735-876X
Paige ConditDivision of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7682-7184

Funding

University of Wisconsin Institute for Clinical and Translational ResearchUL1TR002373 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI ELIZABETH S BURNSIDE, Allan R. Brasier · 2017 to 2026
$75.9M
Institutional Career Development CoreKL2TR002374 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI Bo Liu, Marin Leigh Schweizer · 2017 to 2026
$9.7M
NCATS NIH HHS KL2 TR002374NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002373NIDDK NIH HHS L40 DK125952U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) UL1TR002373
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionNear infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) monitoring of preterm kidney oxygenation is increasing. We sought to evaluate kidney positioning and oxygenation differences between the right and left kidneys.

methodsPreterm neonates <32 weeks' gestational age were enrolled in a prospective observational NIRS study. Two three-hour epochs of simultaneous bilateral kidney monitoring were performed (5-8 days, 9-14 days). Point of care kidney ultrasound was performed once between days 5 and 12.

resultsThere were no right-left differences in skin to superior kidney depth (0.39 and 0.38 cm; p = 0.62) or spine to kidney distance (1.06 and 1.02 cm; p = 0.31). There was a difference in right-left skin to inferior kidney depth (2.15 and 2.04 cm; p = 0.02). There was higher oxygenation in the left kidney compared to the right (65.6 vs. 62.7%, p < 0.01). Hourly individual differences of >10% were seen in 37% of neonates.

conclusionsDifferences in kidney depth and right-left oxygenation exist in preterm neonates.

Indexed as

Infant, PrematureKidneyOxygenFemaleGestational AgeHumansInfant, NewbornMaleMonitoring, PhysiologicProspective StudiesSpectroscopy, Near-InfraredUltrasonographyOxygen

Identifiers

PMID40683986
PMCPMC12479348

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.