ArticleAnnals of botany2025
Filling in the gaps: evidence of leaf endodermis and vein sheath in gymnosperms.
Article in Annals of botany, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsBotanical literature is filled with studies which tried to demonstrate that leaves of many gymnosperms have an endodermis with Casparian bands or a sheath of sclerified cells around leaf veins. Direct photographic evidence of an endodermis with Casparian bands (strips) is lacking for the leaves of many gymnosperms. Our goal was to confirm with direct evidence an endodermis with Casparian bands or a vein sheath in leaves of representative gymnosperms via histochemical staining and epifluorescence microscopy, while extending previous work by examining understudied petioles and leaf bases.
methodsWe sectioned leaves fresh with razor blades and viewed them unstained or stained, usually with berberine hemisulfate, counterstained with gentian violet, and phloroglucinol HCl. Bright-field, epifluorescence and/or laser confocal microscopies on a Zeiss LSM700 were used for viewing and imaging. KEY
resultsMost members of Pinaceae of Pinophyta (13 species of genera Cedrus, Pseudotsuga, Larix, Picea and Pinus) had endodermis with distinct Casparian bands in needles. We identified endodermis in the distal petiolar regions of nine of these same species. Sclerified vein sheaths or partial vein sheaths were observed in 10 species of 41 studied among Cycadophyta (Cycas), Ginkgophyta (Ginkgo) and the Pinophyta Podocarpaceae (Dacrycarpus, Dacrydium), Cupressaceae (Metasequoia), Taxaceae (Amentotaxus) and Pinaceae (Keteleeria, Abies, Tsuga).
conclusionsEndodermis with Casparian bands is only characteristic of most species of Pinaceae; vein sheaths are found in three genera of Pinaceae and six genera of the other families of gymnosperms, but most gymnospermous leaves lack endodermis and vein sheath, particularly in petiolar and leaf base regions. The presence of endodermis with Casparian bands could have contributed to the adaptation of the Pinaceae to extreme environments; members of genera such as Picea and Pinus are the typical treeline species in many mountain ranges across the world.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.