Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40682187›Full record

ArticleJournal of health, population, and nutrition2025

Effect of behavioural modification for small portions size consumption on BMI in college students of North India: a quasi experimental study.

Atul Gupta, Pritam Halder, Rachana Srivastava, Savitesh Kushwaha, Madhu Gupta, Manmeet Kaur, Poonam Khanna

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of health, population, and nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Atul GuptaDepartment of Community Medicine, Shri Lal Bahadur Shastri Government College and Hospital, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India.
Pritam HalderDepartment of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Rachana SrivastavaDepartment of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Savitesh KushwahaDepartment of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Madhu GuptaDepartment of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Manmeet KaurDepartment of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Poonam KhannaDepartment of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. poonamkhanna05@gmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionLarge meal portions contribute to the rise in Body Mass Index (BMI) leading to higher burden of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs), especially among the youths. College students frequently exhibit poor dietary habits; thus, it is important to pay attention to their eating habits in order to lower their risk for NCD. Therefore, we conducted this study with objective to measure the effect of health promotion intervention for small portion size consumption behaviour on body mass index (BMI) among college students in Chandigarh, India.

methodsWe conducted this quasi-experimental research among college students aged 18-21 years from two colleges with co-education, having same streams considered as intervention and control from 2019 to 2020. Motivating group therapy, individual counselling, classroom training including power point presentations, lectures, and messaging via WhatsApp were implemented to the intervention group. No intervention was applied to the control group.

resultsOverall, the mean BMI decreased in the both the intervention (n = 149) and control groups (n = 142) between the baseline and 6 months post intervention follow up period. The difference in difference (DID) of mean using paired t-test analysis showed that the estimated difference between the two groups was statistically significant for BMI (0.21; 95% CI 0.117-0.244; p-value < 0.001) and for waist hip ratio (0.02; 95% CI 0.001-0.005; p-value 007). There was reduction of 8.1% (from 28.9 to 20.8%) in obese, while 2.7% (from 44.3 to 47.0%) increase in participants with normal BMI in intervention. On the contrary there was almost no change in the proportion of obese and overweight participants in control group after 6 months.

conclusionConsidering the higher surge of obesity especially among the Indian youths, this study provided significant contribution in the field of public health in view of effective health promotion intervention to reduce BMI levels, by which get hold of the rising trend of this alarming problem. We recommend pragmatic community level large scale randomised control trials with frequent and controlled follow up to generate further evidence.

Indexed as

Body Mass IndexFeeding BehaviorHealth PromotionPortion SizeStudentsAdolescentFemaleHumansIndiaMaleUniversitiesYoung AdultBehaviour changeBMIBody Mass IndexConsumption behaviourHealth PromotionObesityOverweightPortionPortion sizeStudents

Identifiers

PMID40682187
PMCPMC12275379

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.