ArticleCommunications biology2025
Bivalent single-domain antibodies show potent mpox virus neutralization through M1R antigen.
Article in Communications biology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- An integrated review of monkeypox: from pathogen and epidemiology to diagnostics, control, and challenges.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Review
- Monkeypox Virus Countermeasures: Vaccines, Antibodies, Drugs and Traditional Chinese Medicine.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Review
- Research progress on the application of nanobodies in immunity and infectious skin diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Despite the recent mpox outbreak raising global concerns, no fully validated antiviral treatment exists, highlighting the urgent need for effective therapeutics. Here, by taking advantage of the preparation technology for single-domain (VHH) antibodies, we generated VHHs targeting the six major mpox virus (MPXV) surface antigens. Although neutralization activity of these monoclonal VHH monomers was negligible, bivalent VHHs against MPXV-M1R (bi-M1A8 and bi-M1C2) improved the antigen binding affinity by up to over 400-fold compared with the monomer VHH and thus produced neutralizing activity against MPXV. Epitope analysis by SPR revealed that the two neutralizing bivalent VHHs recognized different epitopes within M1R antigen. Importantly, these bivalent VHHs were active to multiple MPXV clades and related cowpox virus. We also showed the effect of bi-M1A8 on reducing the MPXV DNA and infectious titer in an MPXV infection mouse model. These VHH modification approaches provide a new strategy for anti-MPXV drug development.
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Registered trials
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